Page 69 - 《精细化工》2023年第5期
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第 40 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.40, No.5
20 23 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2023
综论
抑制癌症治疗多药耐药性的纳米药物递送体系
*
葛界芳,熊向源
(江西科技师范大学 生命科学学院,江西 南昌 330013)
摘要:多药耐药(MDR)是指肿瘤细胞对传统和新型化疗药物产生耐药性的现象,成为治疗恶性肿瘤的重要障
碍。近年来,已发现纳米药物递送体系(NDDS)在抑制肿瘤 MDR 方面表现出独特优势,可增加药物的溶解度
和稳定性,避开药物外排泵、以更低的剂量和更少的副作用实现目标部位更高的药物浓度。因此,NDDS 成为
克服癌症 MDR 的有效策略。介绍了肿瘤 MDR 机制;从多肽类配体、叶酸靶向配体、转铁蛋白靶向配体、透明
质酸配体、双配体及其他配体 5 个方面总结了辅助纳米粒子克服 MDR 的研究进展;综述了内源性及外源性刺
激响应型纳米药物的设计、结构以及克服 MDR 的效果;提出了抑制癌症治疗多药耐药性的 NDDS 存在的问题
及未来发展方向。
关键词:多药耐药;纳米药物递送体系;药物载体;配体;刺激响应
中图分类号:R943 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2023) 05-0989-11
Nanoscale drug delivery systems for multidrug resistance
inhibition in cancer therapy
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GE Jiefang, XIONG Xiangyuan
(School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China)
Abstract: Multi-drug resistance (MDR), the phenomenon of tumor cells resistant to traditional and new
chemotherapeutic drugs, has become an important obstacle to the treatment of malignant tumors. In recent
years, it has been found that nanoscale drug delivery systems (NDDS) have unique advantages in inhibiting
tumor MDR, including promoting the solubility and stability of drugs, avoiding drug efflux pumps,
achieving higher drug concentrations at the target site with lower doses and negligible toxic side effects.
Therefore, NDDS has emerged as an effective strategy to overcome MDR in cancer treatment. Herein, the
MDR mechanism of tumor cells was introduced, followed by summarization on the research progress of
ligands assisting nanoparticles for MDR inhibition, mainly peptide ligands, folate targeting ligands,
transferrin targeting ligands, hyaluronic acid ligands, dual ligands and others. Furthermore, the design,
structure and MDR inhibition effect of endo- and exogenous stimuli-responsive nanoscale drugs were
reviewed. Finally, the existing problems and future development direction of nanoscale drug delivery
systems for inhibiting multidrug resistance in cancer therapy were discussed.
Key words: multi-drug resistance; nanoscale drug delivery systems; drug carrier; ligand; stimulus response
[1]
根据 SIEGEL 等 报道,新增确诊癌症病例约 症的核心方案,然而辅助化疗和新辅助化疗都有严
191 万例,其中癌症死亡人数预计可达 61 万人, 重的副作用,导致很高的死亡率和发病率。由于靶
恶性肿瘤的治疗仍然是全球医学领域竭力攻克的 点不明确、选择性差、宿主耐受性差、化疗药物在
一大临床难题。化疗结合手术通常是治疗大多数癌 肿瘤部位的药代动力学和生物利用度低,并且大量
收稿日期:2022-08-19; 定用日期:2022-10-08; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220772
基金项目:江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20212ACB206003)
作者简介:葛界芳(1999—),女,硕士生,E-mail:172737576@qq.com。联系人:熊向源(1977—),女,教授,E-mail:xy.xiong@
qq.com。