Page 190 - 《精细化工》2023年第6期

第 40 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.40, No.6
20 23 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2023

催化与分离提纯技术
裸藻蛋白泡沫分离的工艺优化及功能特性分析

*
宋 林，张 炜 ，荆永康，隋成博
（青海师范大学 化学化工学院，青海 西宁 810008）

摘要：以裸藻蛋白液为原料，通过泡沫分离法提取裸藻蛋白，以回收率和富集比为指标，通过单因素和响应面
设计探究 pH、装液量、温度、稀释倍数对裸藻蛋白回收率和富集比的影响。考察了裸藻蛋白的功能特性，采用
FTIR 和 UV-Vis 光谱对蛋白进行了结构分析，通过 Peakfit Version 软件对蛋白的二级结构进行鉴定，并通过全自
动氨基酸分析仪测定了裸藻蛋白的氨基酸组成。结果表明，裸藻蛋白泡沫分离的最佳条件为：pH 5.5、装液量
300 mL、温度 30 ℃、稀释倍数 15 倍，在上述条件下蛋白回收率为 94.27%，富集比为 4.18。蛋白的持水量在
60 ℃最大，为 7.27 g/g，持油量在 40 ℃最大，为 14.74 g/g。裸藻蛋白的乳化能力、乳化稳定性、起泡性、泡
沫稳定性均随着其质量分数的增大大体上呈先增加后减小的趋势。裸藻蛋白具有典型的蛋白峰，其二级结构代
表裸藻蛋白以 β-折叠为主。蛋白中必需氨基酸含量和疏水氨基酸含量分别为 35.28%和 50.80%。
关键词：泡沫分离；裸藻蛋白；响应面优化；功能性质；二级结构；分离提纯技术
中图分类号：TQ936 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2023) 06-1340-10

Process optimization and functional characteristics analysis of
Euglena protein foam separation

*
SONG Lin, ZHANG Wei , JING Yongkang, SUI Chengbo
（School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China）

Abstract: Euglena protein was extracted from foam separation of its solution, and the effects of pH, liquid
volume, temperature and dilution ratio on the recovery and enrichment ratio of Euglena protein were
investigated by single factor and response surface design. The functional characteristics was analyzed. The
structure of protein was analyzed by FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopies, with the secondary structure
identified by Peakfit Version software and the amino acid composition determined by full automatic amino
acid analyzer. The results showed that under the optimum separation conditions of pH=5.5, liquid volume
300 mL, temperature 30 ℃, and 15 times of dilution, the protein recovery was 94.27% and the enrichment
ratio was 4.18. Moreover, the maximum water holding capacity of protein was 7.27 g/g at 60 ℃, and the
maximum oil holding capacity was 14.74 g/g at 40 ℃. On the whole, the emulsifying ability, emulsifying
stability, foaming property and foam stability of Euglena protein were firstly enhanced and then reduced
with the increase of mass fraction. Euglena protein displayed a typical protein peak with its secondary
structure mainly β-sheets. The content of essential amino acids and hydrophobic amino acids in protein was
35.28% and 50.80%, respectively.
Key words: foam separation; Euglena protein; response surface optimization; functional characteristics;
secondary structure; separation and purification technology

裸藻（Euglena）是一种单细胞微藻，具有动植 中称作眼虫。裸藻生长周期很短，代谢能力较强并
[1]
[2]
物的特性 ，所以在植物学中被称作裸藻，动物学 且易于养殖 ，具有多种多样的生长方式，如自养

收稿日期：2022-10-01; 定用日期：2022-12-26; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220888
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（22268035）
作者简介：宋 林（1999—），男，硕士生，E-mail：1355627929@qq.com。联系人：张 炜（1972—），女，教授，E-mail：zhangwei@
qhnu.edu.cn。