Page 205 - 《精细化工》2023年第8期
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第 40 卷第 8 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.40, No.8
             20 23 年 8 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 Aug.  2023


              食品与饲料用化学品
                     米谷蛋白对挤压淀粉复合物结构及性质的影响



                                                                       2
                                                                                                   2*
                                                          2
                     王丽爽      1,2 ,于小帅      1,2 ,段玉敏 ,佟丽凤 ,肖志刚                      1,2* ,王   鹏
                  (1.  沈阳师范大学  粮食学院,辽宁  沈阳  110034;2.  沈阳农业大学  食品学院,辽宁  沈阳  110866)

                 摘要:以大米淀粉及米谷蛋白为原料,通过双螺杆挤压技术制备了不同比例的大米淀粉/米谷蛋白复合物,利用
                       1
                 FTIR、 HNMR、XRD、DSC、快速黏度计、低场核磁(LF-NMR)、流变仪和 SEM 对复合物的形成机制、结构
                 变化、理化性质以及微观形态进行了表征。结果表明,大米淀粉发生降解、α-1,6-糖苷键断裂,分支化减弱,并
                 与米谷蛋白发生化学相互作用(包括美拉德反应),形成均匀致密的片层微观结构,从而增强对水分子的束缚能
                 力。挤压后复合物表现为较低的热稳定性、结晶特性、糊化特性以及黏弹性。这些特性随着米谷蛋白添加量的
                 提高得到改善,尤其在米谷蛋白添加量(以淀粉质量为基准,下同)为 13%时,复合物的相对结晶度由 2.10%
                 (米谷蛋白添加量为 9%)增加至 3.51%(米谷蛋白添加量为 13%),峰值黏度增加至 376.51 Cp(1000 cP=1 Pa·s),
                 崩解值提升为 362.20 Cp,回生值增加至 87.14 Cp,剪切应力随之增大,储能模量与损耗模量明显升高。
                 关键词:挤压;大米淀粉;米谷蛋白;相互作用;结构;食品化学品
                 中图分类号:TS213.3      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2023) 08-1819-07


                 Effect of glutelin on structure and properties of extrusion starch complex


                                                                            2
                                             1,2
                                                                                          2
                                                            1,2
                              WANG Lishuang , YU Xiaoshuai , DUAN Yumin , TONG Lifeng ,
                                                                          2*
                                              XIAO Zhigang 1,2* , WANG Peng
                 (1. College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China; 2. College of
                 Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China)
                 Abstract: Rice starch/glutelin complexes with different proportions were prepared by twin-screw extrusion
                 technology. The formation mechanism, structural changes, physiochemical properties, and micromorphology
                                                               1
                 of the complexes obtained were then analyzed by FTIR,  HNMR, XRD, DSC, rapid viscosimeter, low-field
                 nuclear magnetic resonance  (LF-NMR), rheometer, and  SEM. The  results showed that rice starch was
                 degraded, the α-1,6-glycoside bond was broken, and the branching was weakened as well. Meanwhile, a
                 uniform and dense lamellar structure were formed by chemical interaction (including the Maillard reaction)
                 with glutelin, which led to improved binding capacity for water molecules. The complexes being extruded
                 displayed low thermal stability, crystallization,  gelatinization and  viscoelasticity, all of  which  were
                 improved as the content of glutelin increased. When the protein addition (based on the mass of rice starch,
                 the same below) was 13%, the relative crystallinity increased from 2.10%, which was obtained when the
                 amount of glutelin added was 9%, to 3.51%, the peak viscosity increased to 376.51 Cp, the disintegration
                 value increased to 362.20 Cp, and the retrogradation value increased to 87.14 Cp. The shear stress and
                 storage modulus as well as loss modulus were also significantly improved.
                 Key words: extrusion; rice starch; glutelin; interaction; structure; food chemicals


                 挤压食品多是以淀粉为原料,经粉碎、调湿、                          压力差及温度骤变等产生的膨化产品,如意大利通
                                                                             [1]
            混合等预处理后,在高温高剪切作用下,经强大的                             心粉、重组米等 。挤压食品因具有改善产品食用

                 收稿日期:2022-10-09;  定用日期:2023-01-09; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220921
                 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32072139,32001742);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划项目(RC210305);辽宁省自然科
                 学基金指导计划项目(2019ZD-0489)
                 作者简介:王丽爽(1994—),女,博士生,E-mail:Wangls0624@163.com。联系人:肖志刚(1972—),男,教授,E-mail:zhigang_xiao@
                 126.com;王   鹏(1989—),男,副教授,E-mail:wpeng_mail@126.com。
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