Page 144 - 201812
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第 35 卷第 12 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.12
2018 年 12 月 FINE CHEMICALS Dec. 2018
淀粉化学品
淀粉-丙烯酸盐-普鲁兰多糖 Semi-IPN 的合成及性能
*
赵 芬,胡 飞
(华南理工大学 食品科学与工程学院,广东 广州 510640)
摘要:以马铃薯淀粉为基本骨架,小分子丙烯酸(AA)、弹性直链普鲁兰多糖(PULL)为原料,在过硫酸钾为
引发剂、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂的条件下,通过两步水溶液微波法制备了淀粉-丙烯酸盐-
普鲁兰多糖半互穿网络聚合材料(st-AA-PULL);采用 FTIR、SEM、BET 对材料的结构进行了表征,并重点考
察了产品的水合特性。结果表明:st-AA-PULL 在蒸馏水中的平衡溶胀率高达 1333 g/g,在自来水和生理盐水中
的平衡溶胀率分别为 536、126 g/g;与传统接枝淀粉聚合材料相比,半互穿网络聚合材料具有更优良的保水性,
在 60 ℃高温下放置 90 min 仍保有近 30%(质量分数)的水分,重复吸水 5 次后,吸水率仍可达近 52%;在 NaCl
浓度 0.02~0.10 mol/L 内,耐盐性也有较大提高,在 NaCl 浓度为 0.10 mol/L 时平衡溶胀率仍保持在 130 g/g。
关键词:淀粉;普鲁兰多糖;互穿网络;水合特性
中图分类号:Q814.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2018) 12-2112-06
Synthesis and Characteristics of Starch-AA-PULL
Semi-IPN Polymeric Material
*
ZHAO Fen, HU Fei
(School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong,
China)
Abstract: Starch-acrylate-pullulan semi-interpenetrating network polymer (st-AA-PULL) was prepared by
two-step aqueous solution microwave method using potato starch as basic skeleton, small molecule acrylic
acid (AA), structurally elastic straight pullulan (PULL) as raw materials, potassium persulfate as initiator,
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as cross-linking agent. FTIR, SEM, and BET were used to characterize the
resulting st-AA-PULL, and it's hydration characteristics were investigated. The results showed that the
equilibrium swelling rate of st-AA-PULL in distilled water was as high as 1333 g/g, and that in tap water
and physiological saline were 536 g/g and 126 g/g, respectively. The semi-interpenetrating network material
had better water retention compared with traditional polymeric materials, which retained nearly 30% of
moisture after standing at 60 ℃ for 90 min. The water absorption rate could still reach nearly 52% after the
repeated water absorption for five times. When the concentration of sodium chloride solution ranged from
0.02 to 0.10 mol/L, the salt tolerance of st-AA-PULL was also greatly improved. The equilibrium swelling
in 0.10 mol/L sodium chloride solution maintained at 130 g/g.
Key words: starch; pullulan; interpenetrating network; hydration characteristics
[3]
淀粉是一种来源广泛、价格低廉、可生物降解 相互贯穿缠结而形成的一种特殊结构 ,是近年来
[1]
的天然可再生材料 ,在很多领域均得到广泛的研 新兴的一种高聚物加工技术。将 IPN 技术引入淀粉
究和开发,由于其具有不溶于冷水、抗剪切性差、 改性,可使部分相容、甚至不相容的但性能上具有
[4]
耐水性差等缺点,使其难以单独作为一种高分子材 互补性的原料共混,在性能上产生特异性 。根据
[2]
料使用 ,需要对其进行分子结构重组来增强机能 结构的不同 , IPN 可分为:完全 IPN、半 IPN
或形成新的物化特性。 (Semi-IPN)、同型 IPN(Homo-IPN) [5-6] 。Vudjung [7]
互穿网络聚合物(IPN)是由两种或多种聚合物 等以天然橡胶和交联木薯淀粉为原料制备 IPN 水凝
收稿日期:2018-03-23; 定用日期:2018-07-06; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180203
作者简介:赵 芬(1994—),女,硕士生。联系人:胡 飞(1972—),男,副教授,博士,硕导,E-mail:hufei@scut.edu.cn。