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第 35 卷第 12 期                            精   细   化   工                                 Vol.35, No.12
             2018 年 12 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                Dec.   2018


              淀粉化学品
               淀粉-丙烯酸盐-普鲁兰多糖 Semi-IPN 的合成及性能



                                                                      *
                                                  赵   芬,胡   飞
                                    (华南理工大学  食品科学与工程学院,广东  广州 510640)


                 摘要:以马铃薯淀粉为基本骨架,小分子丙烯酸(AA)、弹性直链普鲁兰多糖(PULL)为原料,在过硫酸钾为
                 引发剂、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂的条件下,通过两步水溶液微波法制备了淀粉-丙烯酸盐-
                 普鲁兰多糖半互穿网络聚合材料(st-AA-PULL);采用 FTIR、SEM、BET 对材料的结构进行了表征,并重点考
                 察了产品的水合特性。结果表明:st-AA-PULL 在蒸馏水中的平衡溶胀率高达 1333 g/g,在自来水和生理盐水中
                 的平衡溶胀率分别为 536、126 g/g;与传统接枝淀粉聚合材料相比,半互穿网络聚合材料具有更优良的保水性,
                 在 60 ℃高温下放置 90 min 仍保有近 30%(质量分数)的水分,重复吸水 5 次后,吸水率仍可达近 52%;在 NaCl
                 浓度 0.02~0.10 mol/L 内,耐盐性也有较大提高,在 NaCl 浓度为 0.10 mol/L 时平衡溶胀率仍保持在 130 g/g。
                 关键词:淀粉;普鲁兰多糖;互穿网络;水合特性
                 中图分类号:Q814.2      文献标识码:A     文章编号:1003-5214 (2018) 12-2112-06


                               Synthesis and Characteristics of Starch-AA-PULL
                                           Semi-IPN Polymeric Material


                                                                     *
                                                   ZHAO Fen, HU Fei
                 (School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou  510640, Guangdong,
                 China)

                 Abstract: Starch-acrylate-pullulan semi-interpenetrating network polymer (st-AA-PULL) was prepared by
                 two-step aqueous solution microwave method using potato starch as basic skeleton, small molecule acrylic
                 acid (AA), structurally elastic straight pullulan (PULL) as raw materials, potassium persulfate as initiator,
                 N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as cross-linking agent. FTIR, SEM, and BET were used to characterize the
                 resulting st-AA-PULL, and  it's hydration  characteristics were investigated. The results showed that the
                 equilibrium swelling rate of st-AA-PULL in distilled water was as high as 1333 g/g, and that in tap water
                 and physiological saline were 536 g/g and 126 g/g, respectively. The semi-interpenetrating network material
                 had better water retention  compared with  traditional polymeric  materials, which  retained nearly 30% of
                 moisture after standing at 60 ℃  for 90 min. The water absorption rate could still reach nearly 52% after the
                 repeated water absorption for five times. When the concentration of sodium chloride solution ranged from
                 0.02 to 0.10 mol/L, the salt tolerance of st-AA-PULL was also greatly improved. The equilibrium swelling
                 in 0.10 mol/L sodium chloride solution maintained at 130 g/g.
                 Key words: starch; pullulan; interpenetrating network; hydration characteristics


                                                                                                 [3]
                 淀粉是一种来源广泛、价格低廉、可生物降解                          相互贯穿缠结而形成的一种特殊结构 ,是近年来
                             [1]
            的天然可再生材料 ,在很多领域均得到广泛的研                             新兴的一种高聚物加工技术。将 IPN 技术引入淀粉
            究和开发,由于其具有不溶于冷水、抗剪切性差、                             改性,可使部分相容、甚至不相容的但性能上具有
                                                                                                     [4]
            耐水性差等缺点,使其难以单独作为一种高分子材                             互补性的原料共混,在性能上产生特异性 。根据
                   [2]
            料使用 ,需要对其进行分子结构重组来增强机能                             结构的不同 , IPN 可分为:完全 IPN、半 IPN
            或形成新的物化特性。                                         (Semi-IPN)、同型 IPN(Homo-IPN)      [5-6] 。Vudjung [7]
                 互穿网络聚合物(IPN)是由两种或多种聚合物                        等以天然橡胶和交联木薯淀粉为原料制备 IPN 水凝


                 收稿日期:2018-03-23;  定用日期:2018-07-06; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180203
                 作者简介:赵   芬(1994—),女,硕士生。联系人:胡   飞(1972—),男,副教授,博士,硕导,E-mail:hufei@scut.edu.cn。
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