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第 12 期 孙培永，等: 脂肪酸甲酯加氢脱氧和加氢脱氮制备生物烷烃 ·2057·

在优化的反应条件下，生物烷烃加氢脱氮得到 paraffin emulsions used in the manufacture of chipboard panels by
liquid crystalline phases [J]. J Dispers Sci Technol, 2007, 28(6): 829-836.
的无色产品经阳光曝晒后无颜色改变，如图 8 所示。
[3] Xu Zhe ( 徐哲 ), Li Jianqiang ( 李建强 ). Preparation and
和 FAMEs 一次加氢脱氧产品相比，二次加氢脱氮后 characterization of microencapsulated phase change liquid paraffin
的产品在 308 nm 处的吸收峰强度也大幅度降低，并 [J]. Chi J Process Eng (过程工程学报), 2012, 12(2): 293-301.
[4] Duan Yueying (段月英), Cong Yufeng (丛玉凤), Huang Wei (黄玮),
且在紫外灯的照射下无明显的荧光现象。这表明 et al. Oxidation modification process of medical liquid paraffin [J].
NiMo/Al 2 O 3 催化 FAMEs 进行二次加氢脱氮能够显 Modern Chem Ind (现代化工), 2017, 37(4): 80-82.
著降低生物烷烃产品中含氮物质的量并消除其颜 [5] Li Peijun (李佩均), Jin Xiaolong (金晓龙), Yang Jiuping (杨久平),
et al. Development and application of heavy liquid wax [J]. Contemp
色，有望为下游应用提供高品质的正构生物烷烃。 Chem Ind (当代化工), 2009, 38(4): 364-367.
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[10] Wang M, He M, Fang Y, et al. The Ni-Mo/γ-Al 2O 3 catalyzed
图 8 加氢脱氮反应前、后生物烷烃的紫外吸收光谱 hydrodeoxygenation of FAME to aviation fuel [J]. Catal Commun,
Fig. 8 UV spectra of bio-paraffin before and after 2017, 100: 237-241.
hydrodenitrogenation reaction [11] Coumans A E, Hensen E J M. A model compound (methyl oleate,
oleic acid, triolein) study of triglycerides hydrodeoxygenation over
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3 结论 201: 290-301.
[12] Ojagh H, Creaser D, Tamm S, et al. Effect of dimethyl disulfide on
（1） 以源于废弃油脂的 FAMEs 为原料，通过 activity of NiMo based catalysts used in hydrodeoxygenation of oleic
acid [J]. Ind Eng Chem Res, 2017, 56(19): 5547-5557.
加氢脱氧和加氢脱氮两步法制备了正构烷烃质量分 [13] Hachemi I, Murzin D Y. Kinetic modeling of fatty acid methyl esters
数高于 96% 的无色生物烷烃。相关技术能够实现生 and triglycerides hydrodeoxygenation over nickel and palladium
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物烷烃，尤其是正构烷烃的可持续生产，具有潜在
[14] Zhu Chao (朱超), Yao Zhilong (姚志龙). Hydrogenation of fatty acid
的工业应用前景。 methyl ester to liquid paraffin catalyzed by Ni/NiAl 2O 4 [J]. Ind Catal
（2）加氢脱氧反应中，在反应温度为 380 ℃、 (工业催化), 2011, 19(4): 57-60.
[15] Sun Peiyong (孙培永), Liu Sen (刘森), Zhou Yupeng (周玉鹏), et al.
氢气压力为 2 MPa、氢酯体积比为 1000 和 WHSV Thermodynamic and kinetics analysis of catalytic hydrogenation of
–1
为 1 h 的反应条件下，NiMoS/Al 2 O 3 能够高效催化 methyl oleate over Ni-Al alloy [J]. China Oils Fats (中国油脂),
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FAMEs 的加氢脱氧，并且具有良好的结构稳定性，
[16] Sun Peiyong (孙培永), Li Mengchen (李梦晨), Liu Sen (刘森), et al.
在反应 1000 h 后 FAMEs 的转化率仍然超过 98%。 Thermodynamic analysis of catalytic hydrogenation of methyl oleate
所得生物烷烃产品中正构烷烃的质量分数在 97%以 to produce bio-paraffin [J]. CIESC J (化工学报), 2017, 68(6): 2258-
2265.
上，但因含有微量非碱性氮而显色。 [17] Dijkmans T, Pyl S P, Reyniers M F, et al. Production of bio-ethene
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氢气压力为 2 MPa、氢烃体积比为 2000 和 WHSV
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为 0.25 h –1 的工艺条件下，NiMo/Al 2 O 3 能够脱除 for the deoxygenation of vegetable oils and related model compounds
FAMEs 脱氧产品中 90%以上的含氮化合物，获得正 [J]. Chemsuschem, 2013, 6(9): 1576-1594.
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