Page 71 - 精细化工2019年第8期
P. 71
第 8 期 罗红元,等: 脂肪烷基三甲基草酸铵的合成和优化 ·1559·
3 结论 surfacntant as noviral vector[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry
C, 2013, 117(50): 26573-26581.
以脂肪烷基二甲基叔胺为原料,与 DMC 直接 [4] Dias R, Lindman B. DNA interactions with polymers and
反应,优化合成脂肪烷基三甲基碳酸甲酯铵条件,再 surfactants[M]. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2008.
与草酸在乙醇中反应得到脂肪烷基三甲基草酸铵。 [5] Bloomfield V A. DNA condensation by multivalent cations[J].
Biopolymers, 1997, 44(3): 269-282.
在合成脂肪烷基三甲基碳酸甲酯铵的过程中,
[6] Kudryashov E, Morrissey S, Gorelov A, et al. Binding of cationic
选择 DMC 直接作为反应溶剂。与原工艺使用甲醇 surfactants to DNA. Compressibility and volume effects[J]. Biophysical
作为反应溶剂相比,避免使用有毒的甲醇;反应后 Journal, 1997, 72(2): WP362.
处理简便,不需要蒸馏去除甲醇;未反应的叔胺会 [7] Chang S, Puryear J, Cairney J. A simple and efficient method for
留在 DMC 溶液中,产物中基本检测不到未反应的 isolating RNA from pine trees[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,
叔胺;回收 DMC 可以继续使用,提高原料的转化 1993, 11(2): 113-116.
[8] Guan Ling (关玲), Zhao Mizhen (赵密珍), Wang Qinglian (王庆莲),
率;而且 DMC 的沸点比甲醇高,有利于升高反应
et al. Improved CTAB method for extracting RNA from different
温度缩短反应时间。合成脂肪烷基三甲基草酸铵,
tissues of fruit trees[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences(江苏农业科
选择低毒的乙醇作为反应溶剂替代有毒的甲醇,使 学), 2018, 46(15): 19-22.
合成过程绿色环保。 [9] Xu Lu (徐路). Preparation and properties of DNA/cationic surfactant
目前,从采用 DMC 制备季铵盐的研究报道看, assemblies[D]. Jinan: Shandong University, 2016.
DMC 的反应活性相对较弱,为了加快反应速度一般 [10] Yang Xiaobin (杨小斌), Le Zhanggao (乐长高). Progresses of
N-alkylated reaction[J]. Chemistry Bulletin ( 化学通 报 ), 2012,
采用高温高压条件,制备成本较高。然而安全、无
75(12): 1081-1089.
毒的 DMC 替代有毒季铵化试剂是大势所趋,且生
[11] Qin Ruixia (秦瑞霞). Synthesis of short carbon chain alkyl bromides
成的季铵盐中反离子碳酸单甲酯的酸性非常弱,利 [D]. Qingdao: Qingdao University of Science & Technology(青岛科
用该类化合物可以方便地合成其他反离子的季铵 技大学), 2018.
盐。因此,加快 DMC 反应速度是 DMC 大规模应 [12] Geng Tao (耿涛), Li Qiuxiao (李秋小), Jiang Yajie (姜亚洁), et al.
用的前提。本研究简化了 DMC 反应后处理过程, Synthesis and characterization of quanternary ammonium salts
methyl carbonate[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2010, 27(6): 537-541.
降低了制备成本,可为 DMC 的开发应用、阳离
[13] Dong Ziliang (董子良), Geng Tao (耿涛), Jiang Yajie (姜亚洁), et al.
子表面活性剂改性以及新品种的制备提供一条新的
Preparation and properties of long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium
途径。 hydroxides[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2015, 32(7): 746-750.
[14] Tang Weiyue (唐伟月), Geng Tao (耿涛), Jiang Yajie (姜亚洁), et al.
参考文献:
Properties of several didecyl quaternary ammonium salts with novel
[1] Chen E Y, Seebrug P H. Supercoil sequencing: A fast and simple counterious[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2015, 32(10): 1106-1110.
method for sequencing plasmid DNA[J]. DNA, 1985, 4(2): 165-170. [15] Xu Baocai (徐宝财), Zhang Guiju (张桂菊), Han Fu (韩富), et al.
[2] MePnikov S M, Sergeyev V G, Yoshikawa K. Discrete coil-globule DMC and quaternary ammonium surfactants with new counter anion
transition of large DNA induced by cationic surfactant[J]. Journal of types[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2011, 28(9): 839-842.
the American Chemical Society, 1995, 117(7): 2401-2408. [16] Zheng Ganlin (郑甘霖), Ding Tongmei (丁同梅), Tian Hengshui (田
[3] Zhou T, Llizo A, Li P, et al. High transfection efficiency of 恒水). Synthesis of methyl triethylammonium hydrogen carbonate
homogeneous DNA nanoparticles induced by imidazolium Gemini [J]. Chemical Reagents (化学试剂), 2015, 37(12): 1131-1134.