Page 71 - 精细化工2019年第8期
P. 71

第 8 期                        罗红元,等:  脂肪烷基三甲基草酸铵的合成和优化                                   ·1559·


            3    结论                                                surfacntant as noviral vector[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry
                                                                   C, 2013, 117(50): 26573-26581.
                 以脂肪烷基二甲基叔胺为原料,与 DMC 直接                        [4]   Dias  R,  Lindman  B.  DNA  interactions  with  polymers  and
            反应,优化合成脂肪烷基三甲基碳酸甲酯铵条件,再                                surfactants[M]. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2008.
            与草酸在乙醇中反应得到脂肪烷基三甲基草酸铵。                             [5]   Bloomfield  V  A.  DNA  condensation  by  multivalent  cations[J].
                                                                   Biopolymers, 1997, 44(3): 269-282.
                 在合成脂肪烷基三甲基碳酸甲酯铵的过程中,
                                                               [6]   Kudryashov  E,  Morrissey  S,  Gorelov  A,  et al.  Binding  of  cationic
            选择 DMC 直接作为反应溶剂。与原工艺使用甲醇                               surfactants to DNA. Compressibility and volume effects[J]. Biophysical
            作为反应溶剂相比,避免使用有毒的甲醇;反应后                                 Journal, 1997, 72(2): WP362.
            处理简便,不需要蒸馏去除甲醇;未反应的叔胺会                             [7]   Chang  S,  Puryear  J,  Cairney  J.  A  simple  and  efficient  method  for
            留在 DMC 溶液中,产物中基本检测不到未反应的                               isolating RNA from pine trees[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,
            叔胺;回收 DMC 可以继续使用,提高原料的转化                               1993, 11(2): 113-116.
                                                               [8]   Guan Ling (关玲), Zhao Mizhen (赵密珍), Wang Qinglian (王庆莲),
            率;而且 DMC 的沸点比甲醇高,有利于升高反应
                                                                   et al.  Improved  CTAB  method  for  extracting  RNA  from  different
            温度缩短反应时间。合成脂肪烷基三甲基草酸铵,
                                                                   tissues  of  fruit  trees[J].  Jiangsu  Agricultural  Sciences(江苏农业科
            选择低毒的乙醇作为反应溶剂替代有毒的甲醇,使                                 学), 2018, 46(15): 19-22.
            合成过程绿色环保。                                          [9]   Xu Lu (徐路). Preparation and properties of DNA/cationic surfactant
                 目前,从采用 DMC 制备季铵盐的研究报道看,                           assemblies[D]. Jinan: Shandong University, 2016.
            DMC 的反应活性相对较弱,为了加快反应速度一般                           [10]  Yang  Xiaobin  (杨小斌),  Le  Zhanggao  (乐长高).  Progresses  of
                                                                   N-alkylated  reaction[J].  Chemistry  Bulletin  ( 化学通 报 ),  2012,
            采用高温高压条件,制备成本较高。然而安全、无
                                                                   75(12): 1081-1089.
            毒的 DMC 替代有毒季铵化试剂是大势所趋,且生
                                                               [11]  Qin Ruixia (秦瑞霞). Synthesis of short carbon chain alkyl bromides
            成的季铵盐中反离子碳酸单甲酯的酸性非常弱,利                                 [D]. Qingdao: Qingdao University of Science & Technology(青岛科
            用该类化合物可以方便地合成其他反离子的季铵                                  技大学), 2018.
            盐。因此,加快 DMC 反应速度是 DMC 大规模应                         [12]  Geng Tao (耿涛), Li Qiuxiao (李秋小), Jiang Yajie (姜亚洁), et al.
            用的前提。本研究简化了 DMC 反应后处理过程,                               Synthesis  and  characterization  of  quanternary  ammonium  salts
                                                                   methyl carbonate[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2010, 27(6): 537-541.
            降低了制备成本,可为 DMC 的开发应用、阳离
                                                               [13]  Dong Ziliang (董子良), Geng Tao (耿涛), Jiang Yajie (姜亚洁), et al.
            子表面活性剂改性以及新品种的制备提供一条新的
                                                                   Preparation and properties of long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium
            途径。                                                    hydroxides[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2015, 32(7): 746-750.
                                                               [14]  Tang Weiyue (唐伟月), Geng Tao (耿涛), Jiang Yajie (姜亚洁), et al.
            参考文献:
                                                                   Properties of several didecyl quaternary ammonium salts with novel
            [1]   Chen  E  Y,  Seebrug  P  H.  Supercoil  sequencing:  A  fast  and  simple   counterious[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2015, 32(10): 1106-1110.
                 method for sequencing plasmid DNA[J]. DNA, 1985, 4(2): 165-170.   [15]  Xu Baocai (徐宝财), Zhang Guiju (张桂菊), Han Fu (韩富), et al.
            [2]   MePnikov S M, Sergeyev V G, Yoshikawa K. Discrete coil-globule   DMC and quaternary ammonium surfactants with new counter anion
                 transition of large DNA induced by cationic surfactant[J]. Journal of   types[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2011, 28(9): 839-842.
                 the American Chemical Society, 1995, 117(7): 2401-2408.   [16]  Zheng Ganlin (郑甘霖), Ding Tongmei (丁同梅), Tian Hengshui (田
            [3]   Zhou  T,  Llizo  A,  Li  P,  et al.  High  transfection  efficiency  of   恒水).  Synthesis  of  methyl  triethylammonium  hydrogen  carbonate
                 homogeneous  DNA  nanoparticles  induced  by  imidazolium  Gemini   [J]. Chemical Reagents (化学试剂), 2015, 37(12): 1131-1134.
   66   67   68   69   70   71   72   73   74   75   76