Page 72 - 精细化工2019年第8期

第 36 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.8
201 9 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2019

表面活性剂
聚氧丙烯链对延展型表面活性剂的双亲性贡献

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陈 骥，胡学一，方 云
（江南大学 化学与材料工程学院，合成与生物胶体教育部重点实验室，江苏 无锡 214122）

摘要：以天然月桂醇为原料，采用丙氧基化反应、硫酸酯化反应和中和反应合成了系列月桂基聚氧丙烯醚硫酸
钠（SLP p S，依据月桂醇与环氧丙烷物质的量比计算得到 p=3、6、9），采用红外和核磁氢谱对其进行了结构表
征。考察了 SLP p S 的表面张力、泡沫、乳化、润湿、去污、临界胶束温度和钙离子抗性等界面和胶束溶液性质，
并与两种传统表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠（SLE 3 S）对比，突显聚氧丙烯（PPO）
链对延展型表面活性剂性质的影响。结果表明，PPO 链不仅为 SLP p S 分子提供疏水贡献，使 SLP p S 的表面张力
4
降低至 32.1 mN/m 以下，并使其临界胶束浓度低至 1.010 mol/L 数量级，同时产生了优于 SDS 和 SLE 3 S 的乳
化、润湿和去污能力，而且提供弱的极性贡献，产生低于 0 ℃的临界胶束温度和高于 SDS 约 30 倍的钙离子抗
性。SLP p S 的优异性质使其适用于个人护理及家用清洁产品中。
关键词：延展型表面活性剂；月桂基聚氧丙烯醚硫酸钠；聚氧丙烯链；双亲性；界面性能
中图分类号：TQ423.1，O647.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 08-1560-05

Amphiphilic Contribution of Polypropylene Oxide
Chains to Extended Surfactants

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CHEN Ji, HU Xue-yi, FANG Yun
（Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material
Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China）

Abstract: A series of sodium lauryl polyoxypropylene ether sulfates (SLP pS, p = 3, 6 and 9,based on molar
ratio of lauryl alcohol and epoxypropane) were synthesized from natural lauryl alcohol by propoxylation
and sulfuric acid esterification followed by neutralization. The structures of the products were confirmed by
1
FTIR and HNMR. Their interfacial and micellar solution properties, such as surface tension, foamability,
emulsifying power, wettability, detergency and calcium tolerance were investigated. Compared with two
traditional surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLE 3S), the effect of
polyoxypropylene (PPO) chain on the properties of extended surfactant was discussed. It was found that the
PPO chains not only provided lipophilic contribution to the SLP pS molecules, which resulted in the surface
tension of SLP pS being as low as 32.1 mN/m and their critical micelle concentrations reaching the order of
4
magnitude of 10 mol/L. These SLP pS surfactants exhibited better emulsifying power, wettability and
detergency than SDS and SLE 3S. The PPO chains but also provided a weak polar contribution to the
surfactants, the critical micelle temperature was lower than 0 ℃ and calcium tolerance was 30 times
stronger than that of SDS. Therefore, SLP pS can be used in personal care and household cleaning products.
Key words: extended surfactant; sodium lauryl polyoxypropylene ether sulfate; polypropylene oxide chain;
amphipathicity; interfacial property

传统表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）具有 良好的去污、乳化、泡沫和润湿等性能而被广泛用

收稿日期：2018-12-18; 定用日期：2019-03-15; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180924
基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFB0308904）
作者简介：陈 骥（1990—），男，博士生，E-mail：chenji001@yeah.net。联系人：方 云（1957—），男，教授，博士生导师，E-mail：
yunfang@126.com。