Page 172 - 《精细化工》2020年第2期
P. 172
第 38 卷第 2 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.2
202 1 年 2 月 FINE CHEMICALS Feb. 2021
有机电化学与工业
夹心型生物碳电极材料的制备及超级电容器性能
*
马 婧,王芳平 ,周凯玲,李小亚
(甘肃省生物电化学与环境分析重点实验室,省部共建生态环境相关高分子材料教育部重点实验室,西北
师范大学 化学化工学院,甘肃 兰州 730070)
摘要:选择板栗壳为碳源(CC),炭化后用 KOH 活化,制得 CC700-OH 电极材料。通过 SEM、TEM、XRD 以
及 BET 等对其形貌和性能进行了表征与测试,发现 CC700-OH 具有孔/片穿插的夹心结构。在电流密度为 1 A/g
时,比电容为 540 F/g,在电流密度为 10 A/g 下,循环 6000 圈后比电容仍可保持初始值的 98%。在二电极体系
中,组装 CC700-OH//CC700-OH 对称电容器,该对称电容器在电流密度 1 A/g 的比电容为 106 F/g,电势窗口宽
0~1.6 V,首次库伦效率为 0.52。功率密度为 800 mW/g 时,能量密度为 37.3 mW·h/g;当功率密度增加至 12000 mW/g
时,能量密度仍可达 23.0 mW·h/g。结果表明,用板栗壳作为碳源制备对称性超级电容器电极材料是可行的。
关键词:对称超级电容器;多孔碳;板栗壳;夹心结构;能量密度;有机电化学与工业
中图分类号:TM924.11;O613.7 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2021) 02-0374-06
Preparation of sandwich-type biochar electrode materials and
performance of supercapacitor
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MA Jing, WANG Fangping , ZHOU Kailing, LI Xiaoya
( Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Key Laboratory of
Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China)
Abstract: Chestnut shell was carbonized and then activated by KOH to prepare CC700-OH electrode
material. The morphology and performances of CC700-OH were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and
BET. It was found that CC700-OH had a sandwich structure with holes/sheets interspersed. A specific
capacitance of CC700-OH was 540 F/g at 1 A/g current density, while the capacitance could still maintain
98% of initial value after 6000 cycles at 10 A/g. In a two-electrode system, CC700-OH//CC700-OH
symmetrical capacitor was assembled and had a specific capacitance of 106 F/g at 1 A/g current density and
the potential window width was from 0 to 1.6 V, and the first coulomb efficiency was 0.52. When the power
density was 800 mW/g, the energy density was 37.3 mW·h/g, while the power density was increased to
12000 mW/g, the energy density could still be maintained at 23.0 mW·h/g. The results show that it is
feasible to prepare symmetrical supercapacitor electrode materials using chestnut shell as carbon source.
Key words: symmetrical supercapacitor; porous carbon; chestnut shell; sandwich structure; energy density;
electro-organic chemistry and industry
能源问题一直是世界各国关注的焦点,随着煤 电极材料,开发具有良好导电性、高稳定性和低成
[3]
炭、石油和天然气等主要能源的不断消耗,新能源 本的电极材料已成为超级电容器商业化的关键 。
存储装置的探索和开发已成为解决能源问题的关 基于碳材料具有出色的电化学稳定性、良好的导电
键。超级电容器具有在短时间内完成充放电,循环 性和长循环寿命,其被认为是超级电容器电极材料
[4]
寿命长等特点 [1-2] ,是介于传统电容器和充电电池之 的极佳替代品。碳材料包括碳纳米管 、石墨烯 [5-6] 、
[7]
[8]
间的一种新型储能装置。超级电容器的关键组件是 碳气凝胶 、活性炭和生物碳材料 等。中国作为农
收稿日期:2020-05-29; 定用日期:2020-09-22; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200445
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(21065010)
作者简介:马 婧(1994—),女,硕士生。联系人:王芳平(1973—),女,副教授,E-mail:wangfp@nwnu.edu.cn。