Page 100 - 《精细化工》2021年第6期

第 38 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.6
202 1 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2021

生物工程
菌团 HBB 降解竹纤维素纤维及微生物群落功能分析

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刘 春 1,2 ，李志健 ，管秀琼
（1. 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 四川轻化工大学 生物工程学院，四川
宜宾 644005）

摘要：采用短短芽孢杆菌（BB）、竹浆携带微生物区系（HM）、BB+HM（HBB） 3 种微生物策略降解竹纤
维素纤维（BCF）。通过摇瓶发酵实验探究不同微生物策略的产酶和降解功能。借助黏度法、XRD、FTIR 和 16S
rRNA 测序技术分析最佳处理组底物结构和细菌群落组成。结果表明：在降解 BCF 的过程中，HBB 表现出最高
的主要降解期羧甲基纤维素钠酶活性、漆酶活性和丰富的木聚糖酶活性；也观察到 BCF 纤维尺寸迅速减小、碳
水化合物和木质素连接键（LCC）破坏及去除，结晶区缺陷等结构特征的改变；发酵结束时，HBB 降解体系的
干物质损失达到 77.67%。HBB 细菌微生物涵盖了 18 门，26 纲，55 目，85 科，143 属，在属水平上，主要降解
期和降解后期菌属物种差异较大。德沃斯氏菌属、苍白杆菌属、Taibaiella、短波单孢菌属在主要降解期更加丰
富，而假黄单孢菌属、科恩氏菌属、未分类黄杆菌目在降解后期更高。PCoA 分析和 Anosim 分析也表明，降解过
程不同时期样本细菌群落结构具有显著性差异。HBB 能加速 BCF 的降解，其中短芽孢杆菌属、Devosia、
Ochrobactrum、Taibaiella、Pseudoxanthomona、固氮螺菌属、纤维单孢菌属是 BCF 高效降解的优势菌属。
关键词：竹纤维素纤维；生物降解；短短芽孢杆菌；竹浆携带微生物区系；细菌多样性；生物工程
中图分类号：Q815 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 06-1162-09

Degradation of bamboo cellulose fiber by microbial consortium
HBB and functional analysis of microbial community

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LIU Chun , LI Zhijian , GUAN Xiuqiong
（1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China; 2. School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644005,
Sichuan, China）
Abstract: Bamboo cellulose fiber (BCF) was degraded by three microbial strategies, Brevibacillus brevi (BB),
microflora from bamboo pulp (HM) and combination of BB and HM (HBB), respectively. The enzyme
production and degrading functions of different strategies were investigated by shaking flask fementation
experiment. The structure of BCF and the composition of bacterial community of optimal treatment group
were analyzed by viscosity method, XRD, FTIR and 16S rRNA sequencing technologies. The results
indicated that HBB system exhibited the highest sodium carboxymethyl enzyme cellulose activity and the
largest laccase activity and abundant xylanase activity during the major degrading stage of BCF. The
changes of structural characteristics of BCF such as rapid reduction in the size of the BCF fiber was also
observed with structural changes such as carbohydrate and lignin bond (LCC) destruction and removal, and
crystal zone defects. At the end of fermentation, the dry matter loss rate of HBB system reached 77.67%. A
total of 18 phyla, 26 classes, 55 orders, 85 families and 143 genera bacterial species were represented in the
HBB. At the genus level, there was a great difference between the major degradation stage and the late
degradation stage. Devosia, Ochrobactrum, Taibaiella, Brevundimonas were more abundant in the major
degradation stage, while the relative abundance of Pseudoxanthomona, Cohnella, unclassified_Flavobacteriales
were higher in the late degradation stage. PCoA analysis and Anosim analysis also indicated that the

收稿日期：2021-04-25; 定用日期：2021-05-19; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210433
作者简介：刘 春（1982—），女，博士生，讲师，E-mail：LiuChun163@126.com。联系人：李志健（1964—），男，教授，E-mail：
lizj@sust.edu.cn。