Page 162 - 《精细化工》2022年第11期
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第 39 卷第 11 期                            精   细   化   工                                 Vol.39, No.11
             2022 年 11 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 Nov.  2022


              食品与饲料用化学品
                    藜麦蛋白泡沫分离工艺的优化及功能特性分析



                                               *
                            隋成博,张   炜 ,乜世成,高   红,宋   林,荆永康
                                      (青海师范大学  化学化工学院,青海  西宁  810008)


                 摘要:以藜麦种子为原料,在单因素实验基础上,采用 Box-Behnken 设计对藜麦蛋白的泡沫分离工艺条件进行
                 优化,考察了料液比、载液量、温度和 pH 对藜麦蛋白回收率和富集度的影响,并对藜麦蛋白的亚基分布和功
                 能特性进行了研究。得到的优化工艺条件为:温度 35  ℃,pH 4.0,载液量 260 mL,料液比 0.3 g/L,在该条件
                 下泡沫分离藜麦蛋白,藜麦蛋白的回收率为 95.68%,富集度为 7.89;分离得到的藜麦蛋白具有相对分子质量分
                 别为 50、32~39、22~23 和 8~9 kDa 的基本亚基,在 60  ℃下,藜麦蛋白的最高持水量为 9.733 g/g,最高持油量
                 为 5.848 g/g;随着藜麦蛋白质量浓度的增加,藜麦蛋白溶液的乳化能力、乳液稳定性、发泡能力和泡沫稳定性
                 均呈先增大后减小的趋势;其 DPPH 自由基清除率与剂量呈正相关,在藜麦蛋白质量浓度为 2.5 g/L 时,对 3 mL
                 0.2 mmol/L 的 DPPH 溶液中的 DPPH 自由基清除率达到 56.01%±1.34%。
                 关键词:泡沫分离;藜麦蛋白;响应面方法;亚基;功能性质;食品化学
                 中图分类号:TS210.1     文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 11-2312-09


                             Optimization and function characteristics analysis of
                                       foam fractionation of quinoa protein


                                               *
                      SUI Chengbo, ZHANG Wei , NIE Shicheng, GAO Hong, SONG Lin, JING Yongkang
                   (College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China)


                 Abstract: The foam separation conditions of  quinoa  protein from quinoa seeds  were optimized  via
                 Box-Behnken design based on  single-factor  test.  The  effects of material to solvent ratio, loading liquid
                 dosage, temperature and pH on recovery and enrichment ratios of quinoa protein were then investigated,
                 followed by analyses on its subunit distribution and functional characteristics. The recovery and enrichment
                 ratios of quinoa protein reached 95.68% and 7.89, respectively, under the optimum process conditions of
                 temperature 35  ℃, pH 4.0, loading dosage of 260 mL and ratio of material to solvent 0.3 g/L. The quinoa
                 protein obtained were composed of basic subunits with relative molecular mass of 50, 32~39, 22~23, and
                 8~9 kDa,respectively. Moreover, the highest water- and oil-holding capacities of quinoa protein were found
                 to be 9.733 g/g and 5.848 g/g, respectively, at 60  ℃. Meanwhile, with the increase material to solvent ratio,
                 the emulsifying capacity, emulsion stability, the foaming  capacity, and  foam stability  of  quinoa protein
                 showed an initial increase then  decrease tendency. The scavenging rate of DPPH  radical was positively
                 correlated with the quinoa protein dosage. The scavenging rate of DPPH radical in 3 mL 0.2 mmol/L DPPH
                 solution reached 56.01%±1.34% at a mass concentration of quinoa protein of 2.5 g/L.
                 Key words: foam seperation; quinoa protein; response  surface method; subunits; functional  properties;
                 food chemicals


                                                                   [1]
                                                                                                 [2]
                 藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)是一种双子            多年 。这种作物是印加人的重要食物 ,所以被他
            叶植物,发现于南美洲安第斯地区,已经种植了 5000                         们称为“粮食之母”。藜麦中含有大量优质蛋白,其

                 收稿日期:2022-04-19;  定用日期:2022-06-27; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220372
                 基金项目:高原人工湿地生态平衡构建与应用示范(2021-SF-139)
                 作者简介:隋成博(1999—),男,硕士生,E-mail:2351678024@qq.com。联系人:张   炜(1972—),女,教授,E-mail:
                 zhangwei@qhnu.edu.cn。
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