Page 229 - 《精细化工》2023年第5期
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第 40 卷第 5 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.40, No.5
             20 23 年 5 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 May  2023


              精细化工中间体
                            副品红的合成、提纯及生产废水处理



                                                                                 *
                                       徐习习,顾贵洲,蒋林时,李   政
                                 (辽宁石油化工大学  环境与安全工程学院,辽宁  抚顺  113001)


                 摘要:采用两步催化法合成副品红。首先,对硝基甲苯与多硫化钠在无水乙醇为有机溶剂、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺
                 (DMA)为胺基催化剂条件下生成对氨基苯甲醛,得到最佳 n(DMA)∶n(对硝基甲苯)= 3∶13,其中,对
                 硝基甲苯用量为 25 g(0.18 mol),下同。然后,对氨基苯甲醛在聚乙二醇 400(PEG-400)催化下与苯胺和盐酸反
                 应生成副品红粗品,考察了物料比、反应温度和反应时间对副品红粗品产率的影响。结果表明,在 n(PEG-400)∶
                 n(对硝基甲苯)= 2∶300、n(对硝基甲苯)∶n(苯胺)∶n(盐酸)= 1∶5.9∶2.8、110  ℃下反应 4 h,副品
                 红粗品产率为 85.6%。最后,考察了蒸馏温度和时间对副品红质量分数的影响。发现在 130  ℃下蒸馏 3 h,副品
                 红的质量分数达到 91.3%。副品红生产废水主要为苯胺,精馏后苯胺回收率达 89.3%。
                 关键词:副品红;胺基催化剂;醇基催化剂;水共沸精馏;工艺改进;精细化工中间体
                 中图分类号:TQ246.31;X78      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2023) 05-1149-06


                      Synthesis, purification and wastewater treatment of parafuchsin


                                                                                  *
                                       XU Xixi, GU Guizhou, JIANG Linshi, LI Zheng
                 (School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China)

                 Abstract:  Parafuchsin was synthesized by two-step  catalytic  method.  Firstly,  p-nitrotoluene and sodium
                 polysulfide were reacted with ethyl alcohol absolute as organic solvent and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA)
                 as amine catalyst to form  p-aminobenzaldehyde, and the  best  n(DMA)∶n(p-nitrotoluene)=3∶13 was
                 obtained,herein, p-nitrotoluene dosage 25 g(0.18 mol),the same below. Then, p-aminobenzaldehyde reacted
                 with aniline and hydrochloric acid under the catalysis of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) to produce
                 crude parafuchsin. The effects of material ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield of crude
                 parafuchsin  were investigated. The results showed that  n(PEG-400) ∶ n(p-nitrotoluene)=2 ∶ 300,
                 n(p-nitrotoluene)∶n(aniline)∶n(hydrochloric acid)=1∶5.9∶2.8, reaction temperature of 110  ℃ and reaction
                 time of 4 h, the crude product yield of parafuchsin was 85.6%. Finally, the effects of distillation temperature
                 and time on the mass fraction  of parafuchsin  were investigated.  It was found that  the mass fraction  of
                 parafuchsin reached 91.3% after distillation at 130  ℃  for 3 h. The wastewater from parafuchsin production
                 was mainly aniline, and the recovery rate of aniline reached 89.3% after rectification.
                 Key words:  parafuchsin; amine-based catalysts; alcohol-based catalysts; water azeotropic distillation;
                 process improvement; fine chemical intermediates


                 副品红是一种重要的精细化工原料和中间体,                          成过程中会产生大量苯胺污染物,亟需开发绿色高
                                 [1]
            在促进胶原纤维的吸附 、降低染料-蛋白质毒性的                            效的副品红制备及废水处理工艺。
                     [2]
                                                [3]
            机理研究 、阻止蛋白质凝胶在水中溶解 以及制造                                近年来,已开发出多种副品红产率提升的方法,
                                                                              [6]
                           [4]
            非线性光学器件 等方面有重要作用,常作为一种                             例如:夏春苗等 在缩合反应阶段添加聚乙二醇
            黏合剂用于钢铁、橡胶、塑料和纤维等行业中。传统                            (PEG),但副品红产率仅提高约 5%;王文娟等                    [7]
                           [5]
            副品红合成工艺 原料耗损大、副品红产率低,合                             利用浓盐酸对副品红粗品精化,虽提高了副品红质

                 收稿日期:2022-08-25;  定用日期:2022-11-25; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220790
                 基金项目:辽宁省教育厅科研项目(2021-510-000-2691)
                 作者简介:徐习习(1995—),男,硕士生,E-mail:2119245135@qq.com。联系人:李   政(1983—),女,博士,副教授,电话:
                 024-53847679,E-mail:lizheng.zz@163.com。
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