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第 3 期 庞锦英，等: 载甲钴胺香蕉纤维素微晶/PLGA 介孔材料的制备及性能
孔材料的体外释放研究表明，该种材料对甲钴胺起
到了一定的缓释作用。
图 8 载甲钴胺香蕉纤维素微晶/PLGA 介孔材料体外释放
曲线
Fig. 8 In vitro release curve of banana microcrystalline
cellulose/PLGA mesoporous material loading
mecobalamin
用来描述高分子药物释放常用的动力学模型有
零级释放方程、一级释放方程、Higuchi 方程、
Ritger-Pappas 方程等。对图 8 中药物累计释放曲线
2
进行拟合，结果见表 1。相关系数 R 表明，零级释
放方程对甲钴胺药物累积释放曲线有很好的拟合效
[16-18]
果 。零级释药被公认为是口服缓释制剂最为理
想的释药方式,然而普通的缓释制剂其药物释放达
不到零级，一般遵循一级或 Higuchi 方程。研究表
明，这其中一个重要原因就是释药过程中释药面积的
变化 [19] 。本文载甲钴胺香蕉纤维素微晶/PLGA 介孔
材料按照气凝胶的制备方法得到，因此该介孔材料
具备孔隙率高，孔径分布广、开放的内部孔道结构、
聚合物结构多样、稳定性高、密度低等优点。药物
累积释放曲线拟合结果进一步表明，该介孔材料使
药物释放符合零级释放方程，说明对于甲钴胺而言，
载甲钴胺香蕉纤维素微晶/PLGA 介孔材料是一种很
好的缓释载体。
表 1 药物累积释放曲线拟合结果
Table 1 Fitting curves of cumulative drug release
Models Kinetic equations
①
Zero order equation M t =0.012t0.1043
First order kinetic equation M t=1.9773(1e 0.0045t )
1/2
Higuchi square root law M t=0.1169t 0.2591
Ritger-Pappas equation M t=0.4057t 0.5510
①M t: the cumulative release of a period of t。
3 结论
通过制备香蕉纤维素微晶，将其应用于载甲钴
胺香蕉纤维素微晶/PLGA 介孔材料上，考察了其微
观形貌、孔径、热性能和药物释放性能。BET 测试
表明，载甲钴胺香蕉纤维素微晶/PLGA 介孔材料的
·373·
平均孔径为 17.89 nm，孔径符合介孔材料的标准；
SEM 和 TG-MS 表明，介孔材料负载了甲钴胺；体
外释放实验表明，在 24 h 前释放量较小，累积释放
度不到 10%，60 h 后累积释放度达到 77.3%，72 h
后药物释放量趋于平衡，表明该材料对甲钴胺起到
了一定的缓释作用。药物释放遵循零级释放动力学
方程，再次证明香蕉纤维素微晶/PLGA 介孔材料对
于甲钴胺而言是一种很好的缓释载体。
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