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第 36 卷第 7 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.7
201 9 年 7 月 FINE CHEMICALS July 2019

香料与香精
树苔浸膏中关键气味活性化合物

*
张璟琳，李 娟，王 娟，孙宝国，刘玉平，黄明泉
（北京工商大学 食品质量与安全北京实验室，北京市食品风味化学重点实验室，北京 100048）

摘要：香气是评价浸膏品质的重要指标，通过研究浸膏中的香气成分可以为浸膏的应用和质量控制提供参考依
据。利用固相微萃取（SPME）和溶剂辅助风味蒸发（SAFE）两种方法结合 GC-MS 对树苔浸膏中的挥发性香
气成分进行分析。通过香气提取物稀释分析（AEDA）对树苔浸膏中的香气活性物质进行了鉴定，结果表明：
利用 SPME 和 SAFE 两种前处理方法共鉴定出 102 种挥发性成分，香气活性成分为 27 种，其中香气稀释因子
（flavor dilution factor，FD 因子）较高（FD≥9）的为 β-苔黑酚羧酸甲酯、戊酮酸乙酯、苔黑酚羧酸乙酯、赤
星衣酸乙酯、壬酸乙酯、庚酸乙酯、苯乙酸乙酯。进一步的定量及气味活度值（OAV）计算确认关键气味活性
化合物为 β-苔黑酚羧酸甲酯、苔黑酚羧酸乙酯、庚酸乙酯。
关键词：树苔浸膏；固相微萃取；溶剂辅助风味蒸发；气相色谱-嗅闻检测技术；关键气味活性化合物；香料与
香精
中图分类号：TS207.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 07-1387-08

Identification of the Key Odorants in Treemoss Extracts

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ZHANG Jing-lin, LI Juan, WANG Juan, SUN Bao-guo, LIU Yu-ping, HUANG Ming-quan
（Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety,Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and
Business University, Beijing 100048, China）

Abstract: Aroma is one of the important standards to evaluate extracts. Analysis flavor components will
provide reference for extracts application and quality control standard. The volatile flavor components of
treemoss extracts were analyzed by solid phase microextraction (SPME) and solvent-assisted flavor
evaporation (SAFE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the aroma active
components were confirmed by gas chromatograph-olfactometer (GC-O) with aroma extract dilutions
analysis (AEDA). It was found that a total of 102 compounds in two treemoss extracts samples were
identified by SPME and SAFE.Among these, there were 27 active odorants in two treemoss extracts and the
odorants with (flavor dilution factor) FD≥9 were methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate, ethyl levulinate, ethyl
orsellinate, ethyl hematommate, ethyl nonanoate, ethyl heptanoate and ethyl phenylacetate. Moreover, these
active odorants were quantitated by internal standard method and its odor active values (OAV) were
calculated. The results were confirmed that methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate, ethyl orsellinate and
ethylheptanoate were the key odorants of the treemoss extracts.
Key words: treemoss extracts; solid phase microextraction (SPME); solvent-assisted evaporative extraction
(SAFE);gas chromatography-olfactory (GC-O); key odorants; perfumes and essences

地衣是共生菌（子囊菌或担子菌）与共生藻（蓝 树苔是松萝科扁枝衣属的一种地衣植物，主要生长
[1]
[6]
藻、绿藻）经过生物演化过程联合形成的有机体 ， 于针叶树上，如松树、雪松等 。树苔浸膏（treemoss
[7]
不同于其他植物的生长方式，地衣的共生性会产生 extracts）是溶剂浸提 附生于树干上的树花后得到
[2]
不同的化学成分 ，其次级代谢产物（羧酸类）具 的一种膏状物，具有明显的清香和木香。树苔浸膏
[4]
[5]
[3]
有生物活性，如抗菌 、生物杀虫 、抗氧化 等。 在食品、日化和卷烟中都有很好的应用，在素心兰、

收稿日期：2019-01-14; 定用日期：2019-03-15; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190049
基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目（31871749）；酒类风味品质与安全科研创新团队项目
作者简介：张璟琳（1990—），女，实验师。联系人：黄明泉(1977—)，男，教授，博士，E-mail：hmqsir@163.com。