Page 105 - 精细化工2019年第9期

第 36 卷第 9 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.9
201 9 年 9 月 FINE CHEMICALS Sept. 2019

中药现代化技术
超微粉碎-微波双水相萃取红花龙胆中环烯醚萜苷类

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李维新，董爱文
（吉首大学 林产化工工程湖南省重点实验室，湖南 张家界 427000）

摘要：以红花龙胆全草为原料，采用超微粉碎和微波控温辅助双水相法提取了其中的环烯醚萜苷类。通过单因
素实验和正交实验确定了最佳提取工艺；考察了所得环烯醚萜苷类的总抗氧化作用及其清除 1,1-二苯基-2-三硝
基苯肼自由基（DPPH·）的能力。结果表明，最佳提取工艺为：在 30.0 g〔无水乙醇 7.8 g(质量分数 26%)，磷酸
氢二钾(K 2 HPO 4 )3.0 g (质量分数 10%)〕乙醇/K 2 HPO 4 双水相体系中，红花龙胆干粉粒度为 400 目，微波温度(70±
1) ℃，微波时间 110 s，红花龙胆干粉加入量 3.5 g，得率为 5.48%，相比传统提取工艺热回流得率（3.61%）显
著提高。此法能抑制试材内源性水解酶活性且中和植酸（红花龙胆中的酸性物质）来降低溶出环烯醚萜苷类发
生聚合反应的几率，有效解决了红花龙胆中环烯醚萜苷类需富集才能检测到的问题；总环烯醚萜苷类的抗氧化
能力在 0.2~0.6 g/L 内强于 2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)，对 DPPH·的清除能力在 0.2~1.0 g/L 内强于 BHT。
关键词：红花龙胆；环烯醚萜苷类；超微粉碎；抗氧化性；微波辅助双水相萃取；中药现代化技术
中图分类号：R932；R282.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 09-1833-07

Ultramicro-pulverization and Micowave-assisted Extraction
of Iridoid Glycoside from Gentiana rhodantha Franch.

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LI Wei-xin, DONG Ai-wen
（Key Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering, Jishou University, Zhangjiajie 427000,
Hunan, China）

Abstract: Iridoid glycosides were extracted from Gentiana rhodantha Franch. by microwave-assisted
aqueous two-phase system. The optimal extraction process was determined by single factor experiment and
orthogonal experiment. The total antioxidant activity of iridoid glycosides and their ability to scavenge 1,
1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine free radicals (DPPH·) were evaluated. The results showed that the

optimum extraction conditions were obtained as follows: ethanol 7.8 g (mass fraction 26%) and K 2HPO 4
3.0 g (mass fraction 10%) in the establishment of 30.0 g ethanol/K 2HPO 4 aqueous two-phase system,
particle size of dry Gentiana rhodantha Franch. powder 400 mesh, microwave extraction temperature
(70±1) ℃, microwave extraction time 110 s and dry powder 3.5 g. Under these conditions, the extraction
yield of iridoid glycosides was 5.48%, higher than that obtained by traditional extraction process (3.61%).
This method can inhibit the activity of endogenous hydrolase in the test material and neutralize phytic acid
(the acid substance in Gentiana rhodantha Franch.) to reduce the polymerization of dissolved iridoid
glycosides, which effectively solves the problem that the iridoid glycosides in Gentiana rhodantha Franch.
must be enriched to be detected. Total iridoid glycosides had stronger antioxidant activity than
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) in the range of 0.2~0.6 g/L, and stronger scavenging activity to
DPPH· than BHT in the range of 0.2~1.0 g/L.
Key words: Gentiana rhodantha Franch.; iridoid glycosides; ultrafine-pulverization; antioxidant activity;
micowave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction; modernization technology of traditional Chinese
medicines

收稿日期：2018-12-12; 定用日期：2019-02-27; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180912
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（31760084）
作者简介：李维新（1997—），男，硕士生。联系人：董爱文（1967—），男，研究员，硕士生导师，E-mail：daw1999@163.com。