Page 184 - 《精细化工》2021年第12期

第 38 卷第 12 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.12
2021 年 12 月 FINE CHEMICALS Dec. 2021

皮革化学品
酰化单宁的制备及其鞣制性能

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郭林新 1,2 ，强涛涛 ，马养民 ，任龙芳
（1. 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 安康学院 化学化工学院，陕西 安康
725000；3. 中国轻工业轻化工助剂重点实验室，陕西 西安 710021）

摘要：以单宁为原料，制得酰化单宁。优化反应条件，并以酰化单宁为鞣剂进行皮革鞣制，测定皮革的性能并
推断鞣制机理。结果表明，将 1 g 单宁溶于 6 g 三氟乙酸中，添加 1.5 g 乌洛托品，在 100 ℃下回流反应 1.5 h，
制备得到醛基含量为 2.33 mmol/g 的酰化单宁。以酰化单宁为鞣剂，鞣制皮革的收缩温度可达(85.3±2.5) ℃，撕
裂强度为(47.7±1.3) N/mm，抗张强度为(10.2±1.1) MPa，断裂伸长率为 97.9%±2.0%，优于未改性单宁鞣制的皮
革。此外，鞣制的皮革还具有较强的抗紫外性能。酰化单宁保留了其原有的活性基团，在鞣制过程中与皮革胶
原纤维分子形成氢键交联作用，引入的醛基可以和胶原纤维分子中的氨基发生反应形成稳定的化学键。在两种
作用力的共同影响下，使得皮革的性能得到显著提高。
关键词：单宁；酰化改性；抗紫外性能；鞣制机理；皮革化学品
中图分类号：TS529.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 12-2546-07

Preparation and tanning properties of acylated tannin

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GUO Linxin , QIANG Taotao , MA Yangmin , REN Longfang
（1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China; 2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi,
China; 3. Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China）
Abstract: Acylated tannin was prepared from tannin, the reaction conditions were optimized and the acylated
tannin was used as tanning agent for leather tanning. The properties of the tanned leather were measured
and the tanning mechanism was inferred. The results showed that by dissolving 1 g of tannin in 6 g of
trifluoroacetic acid, adding 1.5 g of hexamethylenetetramine, and reflux reaction for 1.5 h at 100 ℃, the
acylated tannin with aldehyde group content of 2.33 mmol/g was prepared. The shrinkage temperature of
leather tanned with acylated tannin was (85.3±2.5) ℃, the tear strength was (47.7±1.3) N/mm, the tensile
strength was (10.2±1.1) MPa, and the elongation at break was 97.9%±2.0%, which were better than those of
unmodified tannin tanned leather. In addition, the tanned leather also had strong anti-ultraviolet capability.
Acylated tannin retained their original active groups, which could form hydrogen bond cross-linking with
leather collagen fiber molecules during the tanning process. The introduced aldehyde groups could react with
the amino groups in the collagen fiber molecules to form stable chemical bonds. The combined influence of
the two forces made the properties of tanned leather significantly improved.
Key words: tannin; acylation modification; anti-ultraviolet capability; tanning mechanism; leather chemicals

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单宁作为一种天然的多酚类物质，其自然资源 千年的历史，至今仍被广泛应用 。然而在鞣制过
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丰富，常用于食品 、医药 、化工 、材料 、制 程中，单宁与皮革胶原间存在的仅是氢键结合作用，
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革 等行业生产中。将单宁用于皮革的鞣制已有数 使得皮革的机械性能和热稳定性能较差。

收稿日期：2021-05-21; 定用日期：2021-08-04; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210524
基金项目：陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划（协同创新中心项目）（20JY003）；陕西高校青年创新团队
作者简介：郭林新（1990—），男，博士生，E-mail：glx9933@foxmail.com。联系人：强涛涛（1980—），男，教授，E-mail：qiangtt515@
163.com；马养民（1963—），男，教授，E-mail：mym63@sina.com。