Page 133 - 《精细化工》2020年第2期
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第 38 卷第 2 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.38, No.2
             202 1 年 2 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 Feb.  2021


              表面活性剂
                          两性离子双子表面活性剂的合成与性能



                                                                                            *
                            曹玉朋,杨伟光,姜亚洁,王亚魁,鞠洪斌,耿   涛
                                       (中国日用化学工业研究院,山西  太原  030001)


                 摘要:以十二烷基二甲基叔胺、1,3-二氯-2-丙醇和氯磺酸为原料合成了一种连接基团上接有硫酸酯基的两性离
                 子双子表面活性剂(GS-S)。产物结构经红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱进行确证,并对其表面张力、润湿性、油水界
                 面张力、耐盐性、泡沫性和乳化性等性质进行了测试。结果表明,与结构相似的阳离子双子表面活性剂(GS-O)
                                                                                                 –4
                 相比,合成的 GS-S 具有较高的表面活性、良好的乳化能力和泡沫性能,临界胶束浓度(CMC)仅为 2.3×10  mol/L,
                                                                  –4
                 临界表面张力(γ CMC )为 28.43 mN/m;当 GS-S 浓度为 1×10  mol/L 时,可将油水界面张力降至低界面张力
                                                                              –3
                         –2
                 (1.11×10 mN/m);可改变水在石蜡膜上的润湿状态,当 GS-S 浓度为 1×10  mol/L 时,接触角从 110°左右
                 (去离子水在石蜡膜上的接触角)降至约 64°;另外,其还具有良好的耐盐性(NaCl 质量浓度<35 g/L 时不
                 析出)。
                 关键词:两性离子双子表面活性剂;硫酸酯基;表面活性;稳定性;泡沫性能;表面活性剂
                 中图分类号:TQ423.3                           文献标识码:A
                 文章编号:1003-5214 (2021) 02-0335-06            开放科学 (资源服务)  标识码 (OSID):



                         Synthesis and properties of a zwitterionic Gemini surfactant


                                                                                                   *
                      CAO Yupeng, YANG Weiguang, JIANG Yajie, WANG Yakui, JU Hongbin, GENG Tao
                            (China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China)

                 Abstract: A zwitterionic Gemini surfactant (GS-S) with sulfate group on the spacer group was prepared
                 from dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol and chlorosulfonic acid. The structure of the
                 product was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy. And
                 the surface tension, wettability, oil-water interfacial tension, salt tolerance, foamability and emulsification
                 were tested.  The  results showed that compared with cationic Gemini  surfactant (GS-O) with  similar
                 structure, GS-S had higher surface activity, good emulsifying ability and foaming performance. The critical
                                                                   –4
                 micelle concentration (CMC) value of GS-S was only 2.3×10  mol/L, and the critical surface tension (γ CMC)
                 value  was  28.43 mN/m. GS-S could reduce the oil-water interfacial tension to low interfacial tension
                        –2
                                                                     –4
                 (1.11×10  mN/m) when the concentration of GS-S was 1.0×10  mol/L. Moreover, GS-S could change the
                 wetting state of water on the paraffin film, the contact angle was reduced from about 110° (contact angle of
                                                                                              –3
                 deionized water  on  paraffin film) to about 64° when the concentration  of  GS-S  was 1.0×10  mol/L. It
                 exhibited excellent salt resistance (it didn't precipitate when the NaCl mass concentration was lower than 35 g/L).
                 Key words: zwitterionic Gemini  surfactant;  sulfate group; surface  active; stability; foam property;
                 surfactants


                 双子表面活性剂是两个相同或几乎相同的两亲                          备、金属防腐以及生物医学领域中的应用                   [2-3] 。随着
            成分,在其头基或靠近头基处由连接基团通过化学键                            时代的发展,传统的表面活性剂在某些方面(如杀菌
                                                 [1]
            将两亲成分连接在一起而成的表面活性剂 。因其结                            消毒和石油开采等)已经无法满足生产和工业上的需
            构的特殊性,促进了双子表面活性剂在纳米材料制                             求,因此发展新型的双子表面活性剂显得尤为重要。


                 收稿日期:2020-08-06;  定用日期:2020-10-15; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200727
                 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFB0308900);伽蓝研究基金资助(JALA 2018)
                 作者简介:曹玉朋(1995—),男,硕士生。联系人:耿   涛(1973—),男,教授级高工,E-mail:ridcigt@ 163.com。
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