Page 27 - 《精细化工》2022年第1期
P. 27
第 39 卷第 1 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.1
2022 年 1 月 FINE CHEMICALS Jan. 2022
综论
FTO 反应 Fe 基催化剂活化与活性相研究进展
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周晨亮 ,温 媛 ,赫文秀 ,刘全生
(1. 内蒙古科技大学 化学与化工学院 内蒙古自治区煤化工与煤炭综合利用重点实验室,内蒙古 包头
014010;2. 内蒙古工业大学 化工学院 内蒙古自治区低阶碳质资源高值功能化利用重点实验室,内蒙古 呼
和浩特 010051)
摘要:Fe 基催化剂具有成本低、易得、操作温度范围宽等诸多优点而备受关注。然而,物相复杂、活性相不确
定、反应性能有待提升等诸多缺点也是 Fe 基催化剂现今存在的主要问题。综述了 Fe 基催化剂对合成气一步法
制备低碳烯烃反应(FTO)的研究进展,总结了活化过程、辨析了活性相对 FTO 反应性能的影响。指出活化过
程与气氛直接相关,且整体呈现由表相向体相递进反应的趋势。还原气中含 CO 时,催化剂表相会生成活性物
相 Fe x C,且随着温度的升高逐渐发生 ε-Fe 2 C→ε′-Fe 2.2 C→χ-Fe 2.5 C→θ-Fe 3 C 的反应。
关键词:低碳烯烃反应;Fe 基催化剂;活化;活化过程;活性相
中图分类号:TQ53;TQ426 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 01-0017-07
Research progress of iron-based catalysts for FTO reaction
on activation manner and active phases
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ZHOU Chenliang , WEN Yuan , HE Wenxiu , LIU Quansheng
(1. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Coal Chemical Industry and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of High-Value Function Utilization of Low Rank Carbon Resource, Department of
Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China)
Abstract: Fe-based catalysts have attracted much attention due to their advantages such as low cost, easy
availability and wide operating temperature range. However, many disadvantages such as complex phase,
uncertain active phase and the need to improve the performance of Fe-based catalysts are also the main
problems. The research progress of Fe-based catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch to olefins (FTO) from syngas is
reviewed. The process of reduction and activation is summarized and the effects of active phase on the FTO
reaction properties are discussed. It is pointed out that the activation process is directly related to the
atmosphere, and the overall reaction trend is progressive from the surface to the bulk. The active phase Fe xC
is formed on the surface of catalyst, and the reaction of ε-Fe 2C→ε′-Fe 2.2C→χ-Fe 2.5C→θ-Fe 3C gradually
occurs with the temperature.
Key words: Fischer-Tropsch to olefins; Fe-based catalysts; activation; activation process; active phases
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低碳烯烃(C 2 ~C 4 )是化学工业中最基本和最 合成气(CO 和 H 2 ),然后将之通过一步法转化为低
重要的原材料。在传统化学工业中,低碳烯烃主要 碳烯烃,或通过间接法将之转化为甲醇再进而转化
来源于石油工业的热裂解石脑油工段。中国“富煤、 为低碳烯烃,是一条对中国既有实际意义又切实可
贫油、少气”的能源结构特点,以及对低碳烯烃需 行的途径。合成气间接法制备低碳烯烃在中国已有广
求的持续增长,决定了中国必须发展非石油路线的 泛的应用。近些年,由于合成气一步法具有工艺路
低碳烯烃生产路径,以保障能源安全。将煤转化为 径短、能耗低等诸多优点而受到广大学者的关注。但
收稿日期:2021-08-25; 定用日期:2021-10-22; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210868
基金项目:内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020MS02024)
作者简介:周晨亮(1981—),男,副教授,E-mail:627063044@qq.com。