Page 125 - 《精细化工》2022年第2期
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第 2 期 王瑞芳,等: 陈皮的挥发性香气分析 ·329·
素、香芹酚、紫苏醇、芳樟醇、香芹酮、β-紫罗兰 参考文献:
酮和庚酸等。其中,香兰素表现出强烈的甜香气味, [1] LI J J (李俊键), LIN J M (林锦铭), GAO J X (高杰贤), et al.
是九制陈皮甜香香气的主要来源,虽然其含量不高, Research progress on extraction, composition analysis and application
of essential oils from Citrus reticulata Blanco[J]. China Condiment
但是香气强度较大,对九制陈皮的香气贡献较大, (中国调味品), 2021, 46(8): 169-173.
此外,香兰素对羟自由基有一定的清除能力,常作 [2] JIANG X R, ZHANG H J, WANG J, et al. Effect of dried tangerine
peel extract supplementation on the growth performance and
为天然的食品调味料和抗氧化剂 [21] ;香芹酚具有较 antioxidant status of broiler chicks[J]. Italian Journal of Animal
强的抗氧化活性,为九制陈皮提供药香;紫苏醇为 Science, 2016, 15(4): 642-648.
[3] GAO T T, YANG S X, LIU Y P, et al. Extraction and analysis of
九制陈皮提供甜香,紫苏醇对食道癌、结肠直肠癌
volatile components of tangerine peel[J]. Food Science, 2014,
等肿瘤有预防作用 [22] ;芳樟醇为九制陈皮提供桔皮、 35(16): 114-119.
青香气息,同时也是薰衣草精油中关键风味物质, [4] ZHAO X L (赵秀玲). Research progress in physiologically active
compounds of Citri reticulatae Pericarpium[J]. Science and
具有抗细菌、抗真菌以及抗病毒作用 [23] ;香芹酮可 Technology of Food Industry (食品工业科技), 2013, 34(12):
在光和热条件下由柠檬烯氧化而成,为九制陈皮提 376-381.
[5] HOU F L, HU K, GONG Y S, et al. Effects of simulated digestion on
供桔皮、薄荷香气,同时也是留兰香的指标成分 [24] ; the flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of aged and fresh dried
β-紫罗兰酮为九制陈皮提供明显桂花香香气,同时 tangerine peel[J]. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2018,
也是龙井茶中的重要香气物质 [25] ;庚酸在九制陈皮 42(3): 1-9.
[6] HU H E (胡海娥), ZHANG J T (张金桃), XIAO N (肖南), et al.
中呈现出腐败脂肪的气息。 Study on the water extraction process of nine-fold processed Citri
综上所述,对陈皮与九制陈皮中挥发性成分分 reticulatae Pericarpium by composite enzyme-assisted method[J].
Agricultural Product Processing (农产品加工), 2015, (24): 28-31, 35.
析,确定了陈皮中关键香气成分有柠檬烯、月桂烯、 [7] BRENDEL R, SCHWOLOW S, ROHN S, et al. Volatilomic
1,4-二甲基-4-乙酰基-1-环己烯、橙花醇、10-十一烯 profiling of citrus juices by dual-detection HS-GC-MS-IMS and
machine learning—An alternative authentication approach[J].
醛、香茅醛、肉豆蔻醛、L-紫苏醛和 α-甜橙醛等; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69(5): 1727-1738.
九制陈皮中关键香气成分有柠檬烯、月桂烯、香兰 [8] WU Z, LI H, YANG Y, et al. Variation in the components and
antioxidant activity of Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis essential
素、香芹酚、紫苏醇、芳樟醇、香芹酮、β-紫罗兰
oils at different stages of maturity[J]. Elsevier Journal, 2013, 46:
酮和庚酸。 311-316.
[9] ZHENG G D, CHAO Y X, LIU M S, et al. Evaluation of dynamic
3 结论 changes in the bioactive components in Citri reticulatae Pericarpium
(Citrus reticulata 'Chachi') under different harvesting and drying
conditions[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2020,
(1)通过感官分析法对两种陈皮进行评价,结 101(8): 3280-3289.
果显示,两种陈皮整体香气轮廓存在较大差异。在 [10] PEI Y P ( 裴亚 萍 ). Study on the analysis of volatile aroma
components of Citri reticulatae Pericarpium extracts by GC-MS[J].
两种陈皮中,香气强度最大的是柑橘类水果均具有 Food Research and Development (食品研究与开发), 2017, 38(17):
的柑橘香,其次是酸香和果香。此外,由于九制陈 163-166.
[11] LONG T, LV X J, XU Y, et al. Supercritical fluid CO 2 extraction of
皮经过腌渍、调料等系列加工过程,九制陈皮中柑
three polymethoxy flavones from Citri reticulatae Pericarpium and
橘香、花香、青香、果香气息较轻,其中奶香、甜 subsequent preparative separation by continuous high-speed
香、药香和油脂气息较重。 counter-current chromatography[J]. Journal of Chromatography B,
2019, 1124: 284-289.
(2)采用 SAFE 结合 GC-MS 对两种陈皮中的 [12] CAO L W (曹烙文), LI H (李华), HUANG D (黄豆), et al.
挥发性成分进行分析,结果共鉴定出 95 种化合物, HS/SPME-GC×GC-TOFMS combined with chemometric methods
for differentiation of Xinhui Citri reticulatae Pericarpium[J]. Journal
其中萜烯类化合物的种类和含量最高,如柠檬烯、γ- of Shenyang Agricultural University (沈阳农业大学学报), 2021,
松油烯、月桂烯、萜品油烯、β-蒎烯以及(+)-β-香芹 52(1): 49-61.
[13] MA R T (马瑞婷), WU Y (吴悠), HU H E (胡海娥), et al. Changes
烯等具有较高含量,是重要的挥发性风味物质。 in aroma components of Jiuzhi tangerine peel (Citri reticulatae
(3)采用 GC-O 结合 AEDA 对两种陈皮中的香 Pericarpium) during pickling and storage determined by gas
气活性物质进行分析,共鉴定出 46 种香气活性物 chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactory[J]. Modern Food
Science and Technology (现代食品科技), 2020, 36(11): 244-254.
质,其中萜烯类、醛类和醇类化合物是主要的关键 [14] PAN P P (潘盼盼), SUN K P (孙戡平), ZHENG Y P (郑艳萍), et al.
香气物质。陈皮中关键香气成分有柠檬烯、月桂烯、 Qualitative study on volatile components of different Citri reticulatae
Pericarpium products based on GC-MS[J]. Modern Chinese Medicine
1,4-二甲基-4-乙酰基-1-环己烯、橙花醇、10-十一烯 (中国现代医药), 2020, 22(9): 1463-1469.
醛、香茅醛、肉豆蔻醛、L-紫苏醛和 α-甜橙醛等; [15] XIAO Z B, WU Q Y, NIU Y W, et al. Characterization of the key
aroma compounds in five varieties of mandarins by gas chromatography-
九制陈皮中关键香气成分有柠檬烯、月桂烯、香兰 olfactometry, odor activity values, aroma recombination, and omission
素、香芹酚、紫苏醇、芳樟醇、香芹酮、β-紫罗兰 analysis[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2017,
65(38): 8392-8401.
酮和庚酸。
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