Page 73 - 《精细化工》2022年第5期
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第 39 卷第 5 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.39, No.5
             2022 年 5 月                              FINE CHEMICALS                                 May  2022


              催化与分离提纯技术
                    CuCl -N-甲基咪唑催化合成 2, 4, 4, 4-四氯丁腈
                             2


                          肖自胜      1,2 ,陈   烨    1,2 ,刘   健    1,2 ,兰支利       1,2 ,尹笃林      1,2*

                 (1.  湖南师范大学  化学化工学院,湖南  长沙  410081;2.  石化新材料与资源精细利用国家地方联合工
                 程实验室,湖南  长沙  410081)


                 摘要:以 N-甲基咪唑(N-Mim)与 CuCl 2 •2H 2 O 合成了一系列 N-甲基咪唑-CuCl 2 配合物 CuL n Cl 2 〔L 为  N-甲基咪唑
                 (N-Mim),n = 1、2、4〕。采用 XRD、FTIR 及 TG 对其结构进行了表征。比较了 CuL n Cl 2 催化 CCl 4 与丙烯腈(AN)
                 的原子转移自由基加成(ATRA)反应合成 2, 4, 4, 4-四氯丁腈(TBN)的催化性能。考察了反应温度、反应时间、催
                 化剂用量及溶剂的协同催化效应对 TBN 收率的影响。结果表明,CuL 2 Cl 2 的空间配位构建的 Cu 活性中心呈现
                 最优的催化性能,以乙腈(MeCN)为溶剂,n(CuL 2 Cl 2 )∶n(AN)=1∶100,100  ℃下,反应 9 h,TBN 的收率可达
                 91.6%,且催化剂可简便回收使用 4 次而活性无明显降低。基于相关的实验结果,提出了 CuL 2 Cl 2 催化 CCl 4 和
                 AN 的 ATRA 反应中 Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ)的氧化-还原催化循环机理。
                 关键词:N-甲基咪唑-CuCl 2 配合物;CCl 4 ;丙烯腈;ATRA 反应;氧化-还原催化循环;催化技术
                 中图分类号:O643.32;TQ226.6      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 05-0927-06


                          Synthesis of 2, 4, 4, 4-tetrachlorobutyronitrile catalyzed by

                                       N-methylimidazole-CuCl 2 complexes

                                                      1,2
                                                                             1,2
                                                                 1,2
                                          1,2
                             XIAO Zisheng , CHEN Ye , LIU Jian , LAN Zhili , YIN Dulin   1,2*
                 (1. College of Chemistry and  Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha  410081,  Hunan, China;
                 2. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-Chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources,
                 Changsha 410081, Hunan, China)
                 Abstract: A series of N-methylimidazole-CuCl 2 complexes CuL nCl 2 (L = N-methylimidazole = N-Mim, n =
                 1, 2, 4) were synthesized from N-Mim and CuCl 2•2H 2O and characterized by XRD, FTIR and TG. The
                 catalytic performance of CuL nCl 2 in the  synthesis  of  2, 4, 4,  4-tetrachlorobutyronitrile (TBN) by  atom
                 transfer radical addition (ATRA) reaction of CCl 4 and acrylonitrile (AN) were compared. The effects of
                 reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst dosage and synergistic catalytic effect of solvent on the yield of
                 TBN were investigated. The results showed that the Cu active center constructed by the spatial coordination
                 of CuL 2Cl 2 showed the best catalytic performance. Under the conditions of acetonitrile (MeCN) as solvent,
                 n(CuL 2Cl 2)∶n(AN)=1∶100, the yield of TBN could reach 91.6% at 100  ℃  for 9 h. After being reused
                 for 4 times, and the activity of catalyst did not decrease significantly. Based on the relevant experimental
                 results, the oxidation-reduction catalytic cycle mechanism of Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ) in the ATRA reaction of CCl 4
                 and AN catalyzed by CuL 2Cl 2 was proposed.
                 Key words:  N-methylimidazole-CuCl 2  complex; CCl 4;  acrylonitrile; ATRA  reaction; oxidation-reduction
                 catalytic cycle; catalysis technology


                                                                                [3]
                 2, 4, 4, 4-四氯丁腈(TBN)是环丁酮法合成顺                  合成润滑油添加剂 ,其氟化产物三氟丁烯腈在药
                                                                                             [4]
                       [1]
            式二氯菊酸 的关键原料,在农药生产中具有重要                             物合成及涂料加工中具有广泛用途 。生产 TBN 最有
                       [2]
            的应用价值 ,其水解产物四氯丁酸则可直接用于                             前途的方法之一是以 CCl 4 和 AN 为原料,通过原子

                 收稿日期:2021-10-28;  定用日期:2022-01-07; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20211105
                 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(21776068)
                 作者简介:肖自胜(1974—),男,博士生,E-mail: zishengxiao@hunnu.edu.cn。联系人:尹笃林(1957—),男,教授,E-mail: dulinyin@126.com。
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