Page 75 - 《精细化工》2022年第6期

第 39 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.6
2022 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2022

功能材料
基于间苯二甲胺单体的聚酰亚胺的合成与性能

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秦安然，王 鑫，乔文强 ，王植源
（大连理工大学 化工学院 高分子材料系 精细化工国家重点实验室，辽宁 大连 116024）

摘要：间苯二甲胺分别与 4,4'-氧双邻苯二甲酸酐、3,3',4,4'-二苯甲酮四甲酸二酐、3,3',4,4'-联苯四羧酸二酐、4,4'-(六
氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐和 4,4'-(4,4'-异亚丙基二苯氧基)双(邻苯二甲酸酐)在间甲酚中通过一步法合成了 5 种聚酰亚胺
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（PI）。采用 FTIR、 HNMR、DSC、TGA、UV-Vis、动态力学分析仪（DMA）对聚合物进行了表征。结果表明，
所制备的 PI 特性黏数在 0.36~1.44 dL/g 之间，在间甲酚中具有良好的溶解性；DMA 测得 PI 的玻璃化转变温度
在 184~243 ℃之间，N 2 气氛下 5%热失重温度为 485~538 ℃，热稳定性优异；PI 薄膜在 400 nm 处的透过率为
24%~85%，500 nm 的透过率可达 69%~88%，截止波长在 308~367 nm 之间，具有良好的透明性；PI 薄膜的拉伸
强度、杨氏模量和断裂伸长率分别在 41.1~85.3 MPa、1.7~2.1 GPa 和 2.5%~8.7%的范围内，具有良好的机械性能。
关键词：聚酰亚胺；间苯二甲胺；透明性；一步法；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ323.7 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2022) 06-1141-07

Synthesis and properties of polyimides derived from

m-xylylenediamine monomer

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QIN Anran, WANG Xin, QIAO Wenqiang , WANG Zhiyuan
(State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science & Materials, School of Chemical Engineering,
Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China)

Abstract: Five kinds of polyimide (PI) samples were synthesized from m-xylylenediamine (MXDA) with five
aromatic dianhydride monomers, 4,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA), 3,3',4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic
dianhydride (BTDA), 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)
diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4'-(4,4'-isopropylidene diphenoxy) bis(phthalic anhydride) (BPADA) by
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one-step method in m-cresol. The polymers were characterized by FTIR, HNMR, DSC, TGA, UV-Vis and
dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The results showed that inherent viscosity numbers of the prepared
PIs were in the range between 0.36 and 1.44 dL/g, and all PIs had good solubility in m-cresol. The glass
transition temperatures tested by DMA and 5% thermal weight loss temperatures of PIs were 184~243 ℃
and 485~538 ℃, respectively. Furthermore, the transmittances of PI films were 24%~85% at 400 nm and
69%~88% at 500 nm, and the cutoff wavelengths were in the range of 308~367 nm. All these indicated
that these PIs had excellent thermal properties and good optical properties. The tensile strength, Young's
modulus and elongation at break of PIs were 41.1~85.3 MPa, 1.7~2.1 GPa and 2.5%~8.7%, respectively,
demonstrating that the PIs possessed good mechanical properties.
Key words: polyimides; m-xylylenediamine; transparency; one-step method; functional materials

聚酰亚胺（PI）是一类主链中含有酰亚胺环结 电池等领域。在高端市场中，透明、耐磨、可弯折
构的聚合物，因其在热稳定性能、机械性能和介电 的 PI 膜逐步替代了易碎的无机材料，用作柔性显示
性能等方面的优异表现而被广泛应用于微电子技 或其他光学器件材料 [1-2] 。但由于 PI 材料通常具有
术、航空航天、光伏发电、柔性显示及有机太阳能 刚性分子结构、不溶不熔、难以加工成型，只能利

收稿日期：2021-11-18; 定用日期：2022-01-18; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20211175
基金项目：中央高校基本科研业务费资助〔DUT20RC(5)007〕
作者简介：秦安然（1996—），女，硕士生，E-mail：anranran@mail.dlut.edu.cn。联系人：乔文强（1975—），男，教授，E-mail：
wqqiao@dlut.edu.cn。