Page 189 - 《精细化工》2023年第12期
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第 40 卷第 12 期                            精   细   化   工                                 Vol.40, No.12
             2 023 年 12 月                            FINE CHEMICALS                                 Dec.  2023


              食品与饲料用化学品
                    γ-氨基丁酸/L-瓜氨酸增强白果分离蛋白凝胶性



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                              张露妍 ,郭凤仙 ,尤洁瑜 ,张   薇 ,王耀松
                 (1.  南京林业大学  轻工与食品学院,江苏  南京   210037;2.  泉州师范学院  海洋与食品学院,福建
                 泉州  362000)
                 摘要:以白果分离蛋白(GSPI)为成胶基质材料,将 γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和 L-瓜氨酸(L-Cit)分别加入到
                 GSPI 水溶液中,均质后再将溶液 pH 分别调至 5.0、6.0 和 7.0,制备了热诱导凝胶。采用物化分析法、机械力学、
                 蛋白凝胶电泳、SEM 及 FTIR 表征了溶胶的物性、凝胶性和微观结构,并探讨 GABA、L-Cit 对 GSPI 凝胶性能
                 的影响及其机制。结果表明,GABA、L-Cit 对 GSPI 溶解度无提升作用,但能显著降低蛋白疏水性;GABA 促
                 进溶胶聚集并降低其 ζ-电位,而 L-Cit 在 pH 7.0 时则促进解聚和提高 ζ-电位;两者均能促进蛋白分子疏水基团
                 向内折叠。在 pH 5.0 和 pH 7.0 时,以上两种氨基酸特别是 L-Cit 显著提高蛋白凝胶性能,而在 pH 6.0 时则弱化
                 凝胶性能。其影响机制可能是氨基酸与 GSPI 之间的静电作用,而这种效应依赖于所在体系的 pH。
                 关键词:白果分离蛋白;-氨基丁酸;L-瓜氨酸;凝胶;食品化学品
                 中图分类号:TS201.21      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2023) 12-2731-08


                         γ-Aminobutyric acid and L-citrulline enhancing the gelation

                               performance of Ginkgo biloba seed protein isolate

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                        ZHANG Luyan , GUO Fengxian , YOU Jieyu , ZHANG Wei , WANG Yaosong
                 (1. College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China;
                 2. School of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China)
                 Abstract: Thermally-induced gels were prepared from adjusting pH of the homogenized solution formed
                 by  γ-aminobutyric acid  (GABA), L-citrulline  (L-Cit) and Ginkgo biloba  seed protein  isolate (GSPI)
                 aqueous solution to 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0, respectively. The physiochemical characteristics, gelation performance,
                 and microstructure of the  gels  obtained were characterized by physiochemical analysis, mechanical
                 mechanics, protein electrophoresis, SEM, and FTIR, followed by analysis on the influence of GABA and
                 L-Cit on the gelation performance and potential mechanism of GSPI gel. The results showed that GABA
                 and L-Cit had no effect on the solubility of GSPI, but could significantly reduce the hydrophobicity of GSPI.
                 GABA promoted sol aggregation and decreased its ζ-potential, while L-Cit promoted sol depolymerization
                 and increased ζ-potential at pH 7.0. Moreover, the two amino acids facilitated the folding of hydrophobic
                 groups inside  the protein molecule.  Additionally, the two amino acids, especially L-Cit, significantly
                 enhanced protein gelation at pH 5.0 and 7.0, while decreased protein gelation at pH 6.0. The mechanism
                 might be the electrostatic interaction between amino acids and GSPI, which depended on the pH of system.
                 Key words: Ginkgo biloba seed protein isolate; γ-aminobutyric acid; L-citrulline; gelation; food chemicals


                                                                     [1]
                 随着社会的进步以及人口的增加,人们对食品                          的方向 。与动物源性蛋白相比,植物源性蛋白生
                                                                                                          [2]
            营养的需求增加,当动物蛋白不能满足全球人口的                             产对环境的破坏较小,代表了一种更可持续的选择 。
                                                                                                   [3]
            需求时,植物蛋白作为可持续替代品引领着一个新                             中国的白果资源丰富,且蛋白含量较高 ,主要以

                 收稿日期:2023-02-02;  定用日期:2023-03-18; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20230059
                 基金项目:白马未来食品研究院揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS-2021-002);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31401530、32001746)
                 作者简介:张露妍(1999—),女,硕士生,E-mail:luyanzhang@njfu.edu.cn。联系人:王耀松(1981—),男,副教授,E-mail:
                 yaosongwang@njfu.edu.cn。
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