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第 35 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.11
2018 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2018

功能材料
酰胺基扩链剂改性水性聚氨酯的制备及其性能

1*
陈 鑫，杨建军 ，吴庆云，吴明元，张建安
（安徽大学 化学化工学院 安徽省绿色高分子材料重点实验室，安徽 合肥 230601）

摘要：以二乙醇胺（DEA）和乙烯基吡咯烷酮（NVP）为原料，合成了 N-（2-吡咯烷酮乙基）二乙醇胺（DVP）
扩链剂，再以 DVP、聚醚二元醇（N220）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、2，2-二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）、一缩
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二乙二醇（DEG）为主要原料，合成了不同 DVP 质量分数的水性聚氨酯。采用 FTIR 和 HNMR 表征了 DVP 的
结构，通过 FTIR、TGA 分析了改性水性聚氨酯的结构，并测定了其乳液的粒径和胶膜的力学性能、吸水率。
结果表明：当 w（DVP）=0.5%时，乳液粒径为 44 nm 时，合成的聚氨酯胶膜综合性能最佳，拉伸强度为 21.04 MPa，
断裂伸长率为 854.6%，失重 5%和 50%的温度（T 5%、T 50% ）分别为 269.9 和 343.5 ℃，吸水率为 13.41%。与未
改性水性聚氨酯相比，DVP 扩链的水性聚氨酯在力学性能、耐热性和耐水性均有显著提高。
关键词：N-（2-吡咯烷酮乙基）二乙醇胺；水性聚氨酯；氢键；酰胺基；改性；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ323.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 11-1809-08

Synthesis and Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane

Modified by Amide Chain Extender

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CHEN Xin, YANG Jian-jun , WU Qing-yun, WU Ming-yuan, ZHANG Jian-an
（School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Anhui University, Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer
Materials of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China）

Abstract: A small molecule chain extender, 1-(2-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)pyrrolidin-2-one (DVP)
was prepared from diethanolamine (DEA) with vinylpyrrolidone (NVP). Subsequently, a series of waterborne
polyurethanes with different content of DVP were synthesized by using DVP, polyether polyol (N220),
isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2,2-dimethylol-propionic acid (DMPA) and diethylene glycol (DEG) as
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raw materials. The structure of DVP was characterized by FTIR and HNMR. The modified waterborne
polyurethanes were characterized by FTIR, TGA, and particle size distribution measurement. The mechanical
properties and water absorption of the films were tested. The results indicated that the synthesized waterborne
polyurethane with mass fraction of 0.5% DVP exhibited an emulsion particle size of 44 nm and the best
comprehensive performance with tensile strength of 21.04 MPa and 854.6% elongation at break, with T 5% of
269.9 ℃and T 50% of 343.5 ℃, with 13.41% water absorption. The mechanical properties, heat resistance and
water resistance are improved significantly compared with those of unmodified waterborne polyurethane.
Key words: N-(2-pyrrolidone ethyl)diethanolamine; waterborne polyurethane; hydrogen bond; amide;
modification; functional materials
Foundation items: Anhui Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project (1704a0902018); Natural
Science Research Key Project of Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province (KJ2016A792); Natural
Science Foundation of Anhui Province (11040606M59)

水性聚氨酯（WPU）分散体是以聚氨酯分子分 染环境、低 VOC、生物相容性等优点 [1-2] 。目前，
散在连续水相中的二元胶体体系，具有无毒、不污 由于环保法规要求提高，使其已可应用于新的领域，

收稿日期：2017-12-12; 定用日期：2018-02-27; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20171004
基金项目：安徽省 2017 年度科技计划重点项目（1704a0902018）；安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目（KJ2016A792）；安徽省自然科
学基金项目（11040606M59）
作者简介：陈 鑫（1992—），男，硕士生。联系人：杨建军（1960—），男，教授，博士生导师，E-mail：andayjj@163.com。