Page 129 - 精细化工2019年第8期

第 36 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.8
201 9 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2019

催化与分离提纯技术
树莓果渣总花色苷和总多酚微波萃取工艺及组分分析

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薛宏坤 ，谭佳琪 ，赵月明 ，刘 钗 ，刘成海
（1. 东北农业大学 工程学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030；2. 东北农业大学 农学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030）
摘要：采用响应面法中 Box-Behnken 设计对树莓果渣中总花色苷和总多酚微波辅助萃取工艺进行优化，并结合
液相色谱-质谱联用技术对树莓果渣中花色苷组分进行鉴定，通过 SEM 观察经微波萃取和常规溶剂萃取后样品
的微观结构。结果表明：微波辅助萃取树莓果渣中总花色苷和总多酚的最佳工艺参数为：萃取温度 61 ℃、液
料比 30∶1（mL/g）和萃取时间 5 min，在该条件下，树莓果渣总花色苷和总多酚含量分别为 4.14 mg C3G/g 和
15.88 mg GAE/g。经微波萃取后样品细胞结构遭到严重破坏，而经传统的溶剂萃取后样品细胞结构保存完好，
且微波法所得的树莓果渣总花色苷和总多酚含量明显较高。经鉴定树莓果渣中含有 6 种花色苷组分，分别为飞
燕草素-3-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷、牵牛花素-3-葡萄糖苷、芍药素-3,5-二己糖苷、芍药素-3-(6-丙二酰)-
葡萄糖苷和天竺葵素-3-(6-丙二酰)-葡萄糖苷。
关键词：响应面法；树莓果渣；花色苷；多酚；微波辅助萃取；组分；分离提纯技术
中图分类号：TS209 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 08-1617-08

Optimization of Microwave-assisted Extraction of Total Anthocyanins and
Polyphenols from Raspberry Pomace and Its Composition Analysis

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XUE Hong-kun , TAN Jia-qi , ZHAO Yue-ming , LIU Chai , LIU Cheng-hai
（1. College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China; 2. College of
Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China）
Abstract: The process of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of total anthocyanins (TA) and polyphenols
(TP) from raspberry pomace was optimized using Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface
methodology. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the anthocyanins components
from raspberry pomace. SEM was employed to observe the microstructure of samples by microwave
assisted extraction and conventional solvent extraction (CSE). The results showed that the optimum
extracting parameters were as follows: extraction temperature of 61 ℃, liquid-solid ratio of 30∶1 (mL/g),
and extraction time of 5 min. Under these conditions, the TA extraction yield was 4.14 mg C3G/g and that
of TP was 15.88 mg GAE/g. The cell structure of the sample was seriously damaged after microwave
extraction, but that of the sample was well preserved after traditional solvent extraction. However, the
yields of TA and TP obtained through MAE method were higher than those using a CSE method. Six major
kinds of anthocyanins were identified from raspberry pomace, which were delphinidin-3-glucoside,
cyanidin-3-rutinoside, petunidin-3-glucoside, peonidin-3,5-dihexoside, peonidin-3-(6-malon)-glucoside and
pelargonidin-3-(6-malon)-glucoside.
Key words: response surface methodology; raspberry pomace; anthocyanins; polyphones; microwave-
assisted extraction; component; separation and purification technology

树莓果实风味独特，营养丰富，被广泛种植于 量适于加工果汁和果酒，在加工生产过程中形成的
东北、华北和新疆等地。因其酸度、糖和花色苷含 副产物果渣，内部含有大量花色苷、多酚等活性成

收稿日期：2018-09-03; 定用日期：2018-12-28; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180651
基金项目：东北农业大学“青年才俊”项目（16QC17）
作者简介： 薛宏坤（1988—），男，博士生。联系人：刘成海（1982—），男，副教授，电话：0451-55191606，E-mail：liuchenghai@neau.edu.cn。