Page 134 - 《精细化工》2023年第8期

·1748· 精细化工 FINE CHEMICALS
DBT(95.50%)>4,6-DMDBT(78.93%)>BT(66.88%) 。
4,6-DMDBT 脱硫率稍低可能是因为其 4,6-位上甲基
的空间位阻使硫原子难以接近催化剂的活性中心，
而 BT 脱硫率较低可能是因为其 S 原子上的电荷密
度较小（BT、DBT 和 4,6-DMDBT 的 S 原子上的电
12
12
荷密度分别为 6.205×10 、6.226×10 、6.228×10
3
A•s/m ），而且 BT 分子尺寸偏小（BT、DBT 和
4,6-DMDBT 的分子大小分别为 0.563 nm×0.743 nm、
0.607 nm×0.981 nm、0.626 nm×0.980 nm） [7,17] ，不
利于其在 MOF-505 孔道中固定和催化反应。
图 15 MOF-505 对 BT、DBT 和 4,6-DMDBT 的脱硫率
Fig. 15 Removal rate of BT, DBT and 4,6-DMDBT by
MOF-505
3 结论
通过 XRD、FTIR、SEM、XPS、BET 和孔径分
析，可以看出 MOF-505 催化剂在经过活化、催化处
理前后的外观形貌和整体框架结构保持不变，只有
部分催化剂内部孔洞出现缺陷导致孔径增大，说明
MOF-505 具有较好的稳定性。
MOF-505 的金属活性位点和合适的孔洞大小等
特点使其可作为氧化脱硫的催化剂，经过模拟油萃
取催化条件的优化，MOF-505 对 DBT 脱硫率高达
95.50%，而且可在保持高脱硫率的前提下多次重复
使用。同时，MOF-505 对燃油中其他噻吩类成分，
如 BT 和 4,6-DMDBT 同样具有较好的脱硫效果。
目前，鲜有单纯铜基 MOFs 用于催化脱硫的报道，
MOF-505 合成方法简单、成本较低，而且能达到单纯
锆基 MOFs 或钛基 MOFs 相当的脱硫效果 [16-17] 。同时，
单纯MOFs催化剂具有更高的稳定性，避免复合MOFs
催化剂活性成分易流失的弊端。因此，MOF-505 在含
硫工业燃料的催化脱硫领域具有很好的应用前景。
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